Estimating the extent and nature of offending by Sudanese-born individuals in Victoria

The involvement in crime of some young Sudanese-born Victorians has received sustained public attention in recent years. The media coverage of these occurrences has been extensive, with some outlets criticised for sensationalist reporting and prejudiced undertones. A range of views were held across the commentariat including, for example, the notion that Sudanese-Victorian criminal involvement has been overstated; that some level of justice over-representation was inevitable due to the demographics of Sudanese-born Victorians, which skew young and male (i.e. the demographic hypothesis); and that offending rates may be associated with heightened law enforcement responses following a high-profile criminal incident in March 2016 that received protracted media coverage and political commentary (i.e. the racial-profiling hypothesis). This paper sought to address these contentions by (i) examining the offending rates of both young and adult males across three cultural sub-groups (i.e. Sudanese-born, Indigenous Australian, Australian-born) across several offending categories between 2015 and 2018 and (ii) exploring the impact of a high-profile criminal incident in March 2016, on the offending rates of Sudanese-born Victorians. Offending rates were calculated using offender incident data from the Victorian Crime Statistics Agency and population estimates from the Australian Bureau of Statistics Census data. Findings indicate that Sudanese-born individuals figure prominently in both youth and adult offending categories relative to other major cultural sub-groups. Rates for ‘crimes against the person’ were especially pronounced for Sudanese-born youth and significantly higher than rates for crimes more subject to police discretion (i.e. public order offences). The ‘demographic hypothesis’ did not hold for the specified age range of 10 to 17 years. An increase in offending was observed post-March 2016 across two offending categories for Sudanese-born Victorians. Findings are contextualised within.

ANALYSIS OF CRIMINAL REPORTING DISCOURSE ON MEDIA ONLINE

The news delivered is various, including news about crime. Crime is always interesting to broadcast and of course a lot of public interest and is constructed to produce interesting news and broadcast in the media, including online media. This study aims to explain and find out the discourse from the news of the case of one family in CurupTimur conducted by the online newspapers BETVNews.com, Harian Rakyat Bengkulu.comand BengkuluToday.com. This research uses descriptive qualitative method andTeunA Van Dijk's discourse analysis theory by conducting interviews, observations and documentation. The results of this study indicate that between the three media each gives an overview of the discourse of the case BETVNews.com focuses more on the chronological facts of events in more detail. Whereas Harian Rakyat Bengkulufrom the point of news is more balanced between the perpetrators and victims, it is more about how to get balanced news, and for a more flexible title, it is not limited by space and the format must be interesting to read. And finally, BengkuluToday.com reporting is made by prioritizing dramatic news writing, because this case is a criminal incident..

Ending Rent Control Reduced Crime in Cambridge

Using detailed location-specific criminal incident-level data, we find that sudden rent decontrol in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1995 caused overall crime to fall by 16 percent--approximately 1,200 crimes annually. We estimate that this annual direct benefit to Cambridge residents was roughly $10 million (in 2008 dollars), accounting for 10 percent of the growth in the Cambridge residential property values attributable to decontrol.

Kekuatan Keterangan Saksi Sebagai Alat Bukti Pada Perkara Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga

A witness is someone who hears, sees and experiences on something that happens. This witness has an important role in disclosing a problem that occurs including legal issues. The description of this witness is very useful for the sake of investigation, prosecution and justice on a matter heard by the witness himself, witness to see himself and his own natural witness. The information of a witness alone is not sufficient to prove a criminal incident in accordance with the principle of Unus Testis Nulus Testis (Article 185 paragraph (2) KUHAP), then the statements of witnesses having blood relation under Article 168 Criminal Procedure Code can not be accepted as valid evidence . Witnesses in domestic violence are very difficult because the cases that occur within the household are very small and the witness has a blood relation, but in abolition of domestic violance act in Article 55 provides an opportunity if only one witness is provided with another legal evidence, concerning the witness who incest abolition of domestic violence act is a lex specialist from KUHAP.

Modelling Attribution

How and why does the attribution of an incident become the responsibility of the executive rather than the judiciary? How do the processes of attributing a criminal incident and attributing a national security incident differ? This chapter offers a two-pronged model for attribution, based on the nature of the process either as criminal or as a threat to national security. Criminal cases rarely rise to the level of "national threat," and are mostly dealt with by law enforcement agencies and subsequently by judiciary organizations. Several cases, based on certain criteria, fall within the remit of the executive rather than the judiciary, because government officials regard them as threats to national security. This transfer has several consequences. First and foremost, the question of knowing the full name of the attacker becomes less relevant than knowing who the enemy is and who the sponsors are; for instance, a state actor or a terrorist organization. Second, a national security incident usually implies broader investigative powers, especially those of intelligence services, which can use secret methods bordering legality.