Intimate Partner Homicides in Norway 1990–2020: An Analysis of Incidence and Characteristics

Intimate partner homicide (IPH) is an extreme outcome of intimate partner violence (IPV). It is a societal challenge that needs to be investigated over time to see whether changes occur concerning the incidence of IPH, IPH characteristics, socioeconomic factors, and contact with service providers. This study includes the total Norwegian cohort of IPHs between 1990 and 2019 with a final conviction ( N = 224). Poisson regression was applied to model the incidence rate of homicide and IPH between 1990 and 2020 as well as the incidence rates of immigrant perpetrators and victims. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to test the association between characteristics and period 1990–2012 compared to after 2012 as dependent variable. The results show that though homicide incidence rates in Norway declined steadily and significantly after 1990, IPH rates did not begin to decline until 2015. The following IPH characteristics showed reduced incidence after 2012: IPH-suicide, perpetrators with a criminal record, and IPHs perpetrated subsequent to preventive interventions towards the perpetrator. Sentence length in IPH cases had increased. Changes were not observed for any of the other IPH characteristics investigated. IPH is often the culmination of long-term violence and can be prevented, even if risk assessment is challenging due to the low base rates.

School Policy Innovation to Reduce Bullying Effect

Bullying is an unpleasant act that is still a problem in the school environment. To find out about school policy innovations in an effort to reduce the impact of bullying behavior, this will illustrate the relationship between bullying perpetrators and victims of bullying in SMA as well as school policy innovations to reduce the impact of bullying. This research was conducted in high school students of all levels with the number of respondents 1119 students in Indonesia. Descriptive approach with mixed methods. The sample / respondent was determined by purposive sampling technique. The data used a questionnaire and were analyzed with proportions and conducted FGD and interviews with teachers in SMA. The results of the study concluded that: 1) The value of r-count (Pearson Correlations) of the bullying was 0.186 r-table 0.062 and the r-count value for the bullying victim aspect was 0.139 r-table 0.062, meaning that the relationship between the two variables was positive and increased the bullying and victims of bullying, there will also be increased assistance and support from parents, teachers and friends; 2) The solution to reduce bullying effects must implement policies at the macro, meso and micro levels that work systemically and in synergy by creating creative and innovative programs. With the existence of an effective and innovative school policy, bullying cases that occur in schools can be minimized in terms of quality and quantity.

Telaah Yuridis terhadap Pengaturan Restorative Justice di Kepolisian

Police institutions are the first and main gate in law enforcement efforts. First, the police institution in charge of carrying out each criminal case’s enforcement, then the next stage will be determined by the police. The practice of law enforcement so far tends to be retributive justice, so that only a few cases can be resolved in the police investigation process. Restorative justice appears by offering various advantages, including a simple settlement process, involving both parties, both perpetrators and victims, and the role of a third party to mediate, so that cases can be resolved according to the agreement. The police, as the first institution in the law enforcement process, had already issued regulations regarding the application of restorative justice, as a form of law enforcement efforts to change retributive law enforcement. The purpose of this research judicially examined the regulation of restorative justice at the police investigation phase in line with the enactment of the regulation of the Chief of Police Number: SE/8/VII/2018 concerning the Application of Restorative Justice in the Settlement of Criminal Cases and the Regulation of the Chief of the Indonesian Police Number 6 of 2019 concerning Criminal Investigation. This research used a qualitative research method with the type of normative legal research through a statutory approach

EKSISTENSI HUKUMAN MATI DITINJAU DARI ASPEK HAM SIPIL DALAM PERSEPEKTIF HAK UNTUK HIDUP

This scientific paper is expected to find out how the existence of the death penalty is viewed from the aspect of Civil Human Rights in the perspective of the right to life and whether the existence of the death penalty is contrary to the ideology of the Pancasila State and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and the Human Rights Law with a normative research methodology with using a statutory approach. From the results of the discussion that the existence of the death penalty in terms of the Civil Human Rights aspect in the perspective of the right to life still needs to be maintained, because it does not conflict with the ideology of the Pancasila State and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, the Human Rights Law, UDHR and ICCPR, as well as religion. in Indonesia, as long as it is not carried out arbitrarily, in accordance with the provisions of the legislation. This needs to be done because to provide protection for individual perpetrators and victims against acts of revenge, emotional, uncontrollable, vigilante, so that it does not guarantee that the death penalty is abolished. Indeed, there are parties who are pro and contra about the death penalty by both underpinning Pancasila, all of which is to make Pancasila a "Justification". Tulisan ilmiah ini diharapkan dapat mengetahui bagaimana eksistensi hukuman mati ditinjau dari aspek HAM Sipil dalam perspektif hak untuk hidup dan apakah eksistensi hukuman mati bertentangan dengan ideologi Negara Pancasila dan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 serta Undang-Undang HAM dengan metodologi penelitian normatif dengan menggunakan jenis pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute Approach). Dari hasil pembahasan bahwa eksistensi hukuman mati ditinjau dari aspek HAM Sipil dalam perspektif Hak untuk hidup masih perlu dipertahankan, karena tidak bertentangan dengan ideologi Negara Pancasila dan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, Undang-Undang HAM, UDHR dan ICCPR, maupun agama yang ada di Indonesia, asal dilaksanakan tidak sewenang-wenang, sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan. Hal ini perlu diadakan karena untuk memberikan perlindungan terhadap individu pelaku dan korban terhadap tindakan balas dendam, emosional, tidak terkendali, main hakim sendiri, sehingga tidak menjamin bahwa kalau hukuman pidana mati ditiadakan. Memang ada pihak yang pro dan kontra tentang hukuman mati dengan sama-sama mendasari Pancasila, semuanya itu untuk menjadikan Pancasila sebagai “Justification“.

The Revolutionary Intertextuality of Molora by Yäel Farber

This article focuses on the challenging intertextual phenomenology characterising the play Molora by South African playwright and director of international acclaim Yäel Farber. Premiered in Grahamstown in 2003, and published in 2008 after award-winning national and international tours, Molora is a radical adaptation of Aeschylus’ Oresteia. It dramatises the challenges faced by South Africa in the highly-charged post-Apartheid aftermath, through dramatic confrontations between Klytemnestra, Elektra, and Orestes echoing the testimonies delivered by perpetrators and victims on the TRC’s ‘stage’, and through a chorus made up of seven Xhosa matriarchs belonging to the Ngquoko split-tone singers, who witness, comment on and significantly participate in the play’s action. Molora’s complex intertextual construction and dynamic are shown to call for a hermeneutical approach careful to avoid simplifying presentifications, as well as any possible fracture with extratextuality. Intertextuality, in fact, is here given the task to creatively and syncretically combine the ancient Greek text with the indigenous Xhosa text through a process of transcultural imbrication that, from beginning to end, exudes the tragedies of all-too-present history while instantiating a revolutionary use of memory.

Domestic Homicide: A Synthesis of Systematic Review Evidence

Domestic homicide (DH) is the most extreme form of domestic violence (DV). There has been a growing worldwide interest in DH offenses and the characteristics of perpetrators and victims, and it is evidenced in part by the increase in the number of primary research studies in this area. The findings of a large number of the available primary literature have already been summarized into several systematic reviews. The principal purposes of this study were to identify what types and aspects of DH have been reviewed systematically (research trends), to synthesize findings from recent systematic reviews of the theoretical and empirical literature on the different types of DH (main findings), and to consider what existing reviews can tell us about the implications for policy and practice as well as future primary research (implications). The current study utilized a systematic review approach to locate systematic reviews of studies on DH. The final sample included 25 systematic review articles published from 2010 to 2020, including 12 on intimate partner homicide, eight on child homicide, and five on familicide. The main research questions varied across systematic reviews, but they included risk factors, statistics on incidence and prevalence, theories, risk assessment tools, punishment and disposition, and prevention strategies. Building on the synthesis findings, the current study concludes with suggestions for future systematic review research and implications for practice and policy efforts.

Educational peer group teenager to teenager’s knowledge about bullying

The phenomenon of bullying is not only seen from the point of view of the individual perpetrators and victims, but it focuses more on the social aspects behind the phenomenon. The formation and development of youth classes are a means to provide knowledge for adolescents about health. The youth class program must be carried out continuously in schools. The National Survey of Child and Adolescent Life Experiences (SNPHAR) by the Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection (KPPPA), 2018 revealed that 3 out of 4 adolescent children who had experienced one or more types of violence reported that the perpetrators of violence were friends or their peers. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between adolescent peer group education and adolescent knowledge about bullying. quantitative research with analytic survey design with the population is teenagers at the Ning Amriyah Soepardo Kendal Orphanage. The sample used is 30 respondents using total sampling. The research instrument used attendance data and questionnaires. The variables studied were adolescent peer group education and adolescent knowledge about bullying. The results showed that there was a relationship between adolescent peer group education and the level of adolescent knowledge about bullying (pvalue < α).