Public Works and Housing Infrastructure Planning using Environmental Carrying Capacity Consideration:Case Study on Planning Dam Development in Kalimantan Island, Indonesia

This article aims to explain how the environmental carrying capacity indicators could benefit public works and housing infrastructure planning. Law No. 32/2009 about environmental protection and management stated that the government is obliged to implement the Strategic Environment Assessment (SEA/KLHS) in the preparation of policies, plans, and/or programs that have the potential to cause environmental impacts and/or risks. This research aims to understand the process of using ecosystem services as part of the environmental carrying capacity. This approach would be relevant to the public works and housing infrastructure planning and is related to the National Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMN) goals in considering the environmental carrying capacity. This means that if the development of infrastructure does not meet the criteria of the environmental carrying capacity, it will cause negative impacts that could lead to futile infrastructures. The process of considering the environmental carrying capacity will be explained in quantitative methodology as an analysis process with a matrix as an overlay result. The overlay result will be interpreted as the basic information on whether a building in that location is feasible or not for carrying capacity conditions. The overlay result will be used as a basis for providing suggestions and recommendations.

A System Dynamics Prediction Model of Airport Environmental Carrying Capacity: Airport Development Mode Planning and Case Study

Airport environmental carrying capacity (AECC) provides the fundamental conditions for airport development and operation activities. The prediction of AECC is a necessary condition for planning an appropriate development mode for the airport. This paper studies the dynamic prediction method of the AECC to explore the development characteristics of AECC in different airports. Based on the driving force-pressure-state-response (DPSR) framework, the method selects 17 main variables from economic, social, environmental and operational dimensions, and then combines the drawing of causal loop diagrams and the establishment of system flow diagrams to construct the system dynamics (SD) model of AECC. The predicted values of AECC are obtained through SD model simulation and accelerated genetic algorithm projection pursuit (AGA-PP) model calculation. Considering sustainable development needs, different scenarios are set to analyze the appropriate development mode of the airport. The case study of the Pearl River Delta airports resulted in two main conclusions. First, in the same economic zone, different airports with similar aircraft movements have similar development characteristics of AECC. Second, the appropriate development modes for different airports are different, and the appropriate development modes for the airport in different periods are also different. The case study also proves that the AECC prediction based on SD model and AGA-PP model can realize short-term policy formulation and long-term planning for the airport development mode, and provide decision-making support for relevant departments of airport.

Environment carrying capacity of Pandawa Beach ecosystem and how to optimize it to support sustainable development

Tourist visits to Pandawa beach in 2017-2018 experienced a very sharp increase reaching 273%. It is necessary to analyse the environment’s carrying capacity as a basis for planning and the right strategy in its management. The purpose of the study was to analyse the environmental carrying capacity of the Pandawa coast, Kutuh Village, Badung Regency and their utilisation strategies for sustainable development. The study examined the physical carrying capacity (PCC), actual carrying capacity (RCC), management capacity (MC), and adequate carrying capacity (ECC). The results showed the current number of actual visitors with an average of 3,727 visitors/day, which is still far below the physical carrying capacity, which is 20,618 visitors/day, while the actual carrying capacity is 18,864 visitors/day. So, the estimated amount visits per month that can be received is as many as 565,927 visitors/month. At the same time, the ECC value of the number of tourist visits can still be optimised by 109 visitors/day. It means that the number of officers currently available is quite capable of serving 3,727 visitors/day. The strategies to optimise the visit are the addition of facilities, tourist attractions, promotions and increasing the role of local communities in environmental preservation.