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2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Moon ◽  
Meghanne Tighe ◽  
Joshua Brooks ◽  
J. Mike Coman ◽  
Heidi Beidinger-Burnett ◽  
...  

Communities across the US face challenges from legacy lead contamination. In South Bend, Indiana, over 68,000 homes were built before 1978, and most contain leaded paint. When these homes are repainted, repaired, or renovated, failure to use lead-safe practices can contaminate the surrounding soil with lead paint flakes and dust. In this study, we used X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to measure soil lead levels surrounding a home with exterior leaded paint (about 10% Pb w/w) after it was repainted in fall of 2019. The painted wooden exterior was prepared for painting by dry scraping without the use of tarps or plastic barriers. A total of 220 soil samples were collected from the home and its immediate neighbors, and an additional 102 samples were collected from 34 homes in the same neighborhood. The median lead level in dripline soil samples across the neighborhood was 434 ppm, but in the recently repainted house, the median soil lead was 1808.9 ppm, and it was 1,346.4 ppm in the four neighboring homes. The repainted house and its four neighbors were mulched by covering all bare soil to a 4-6 inch depth with chipped wood mulch. Two months later, another 100 soil samples were collected and analyzed. The surface lead level around the target house dropped to 13.8 ppm, showing that mulching is an effective strategy for interim control of high soil lead levels.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Luis Antinao ◽  
Robin Rupp

The Quaternary Geology of the eastern South Bend 30- x 60-Minute Quadrangle in Indiana represents landforms and near-surface sediments deposited during the Wisconsin Episode, Late Pleistocene. Sediments and landforms reflect the interplay between the Saginaw and Michigan Lobes of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. A relatively shallow, buried pre-Wisconsin and mid-Wisconsin morphology has been overridden by advances leading to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), ca. 24 ka. Between 24 and 17 ka, retreating ice fronts from the Michigan Lobe left a succession of ice-contact sediment ramps and associated pitted and collapsed fan-moraine complexes throughout the south and west of the map area. A sequence of stacked diamicton and sand and gravel fan heads appears at the hinged interlobate area north and northeast of South Bend. Ice margin positions are marked by distinct features like fans, kames and ice-walled lake plains, which are well developed on Michigan Lobe margins. The thicker glaciofluvial sand and gravel packages appear mostly interbedded with diamicton beds along fan heads, with relatively minor deposits in valley train units. Lowlands are mostly occupied by post-LGM (ca. 18 ka) valley-train outwash deposits, with interpreted flow toward the south and west, derived from an ice margin retreating first from south to north, near Mishawaka, then from southeast to northwest across the Kankakee valley. Sand and gravel colluvial and alluvial fans developed in a short span after ice retreated, along with incision of the ice-sculpted morphology. Late-glacial aeolian sand dunes sealed the landscape. Relatively minor modification of the landscape during the Holocene is indicated by alluvial and palustrine deposits.


Allpanchis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (83-84) ◽  
pp. 323-330
Author(s):  
Fernando Valle Rondón
Keyword(s):  

Esta breve crónica ofrece un recuento de las circunstancias en que la colección bibliográfica de Sabine MacCormack fue remitida al Perú, donada al Instituto de Pastoral Andina y recibida en custodia por la Universidad San Pablo de Arequipa, donde se aloja temporalmente. Además de algunos detalles referidos a la complejidad del traslado, se ofrecen reflexiones sobre la relación de la autora con el mundo andino y un agradecimiento a las personas que ayudaron a que ese valioso legado llegara al Perú. Abstract This chronicle shows the circumstances in which Sabine MacCormack’s book collection –donated to the Instituto de Pastoral Andina (IPA) and stored in U. Catolica San Pablo in Arequipa– was inventoried, packed and delivered to Peru. The author –who was in charge of these procedures in South Bend MacCormack’s house– shares his experiences there, his impressions on her relationship to the Andean world and his gratitude to every person who was involved into this valuable project.


Author(s):  
Doug Feldmann ◽  
Mike Ditka

This chapter examines how Bob Thomas headed for South Bend, Indiana, and arrived at the University of Notre Dame as a walk-on in football. When Thomas appeared for his first day of football workouts, he was greeted with the cold dismissal typically given to walk-ons. After waiting in line for the secondhand equipment issued to non-scholarship players, he was given the ignominious jersey number 98. With first-year students ineligible for the varsity at that time, Thomas spent his initial year at Notre Dame suiting up for the limited number of freshman football games while also playing in a few contests for the university's club soccer team. Otherwise, he acclimated himself to the milieu of college as he took up residence on the North Quad. After completing one semester of a pre-med curriculum, Thomas realized it would be difficult to continue that concentration while playing football. He took some business courses and ultimately ended up majoring in government studies. The chapter then details Thomas's career as a kicker for the Fighting Irish.


Author(s):  
Doug Feldmann ◽  
Mike Ditka

This chapter details how, after a few days back home in Rochester basking in success, it was time for Bob Thomas to return to South Bend for the start of classes in January of 1974. As the month of snowy northern Indiana winter crept along, Thomas's thoughts turned to what would be occurring at the Americana Hotel in New York City beginning on January 29: the National Football League (NFL) draft. When draft day arrived, Bob went about his usual business on campus as the selection process got under way in New York. The call came from the Los Angeles Rams, informing Bob he had been their fifteenth-round selection in the draft. Bob felt anxious, despite the good news. He knew the Rams already had a veteran kicker in David Ray. Thomas began getting his law school application materials ready as a backup plan. Then suddenly, a different opportunity arrived in the form of a new competitor with the NFL: the World Football League.


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