Formation of a range of sports league services

The article discusses the features of sports league services. Special attention is paid to the factors that influence the formation of the nomenclature of sports league services, as a structured list of products offered that may be in the league’s assortment. As the main of such factors, consumers are singled out, which make it possible to divide the services of sports leagues into commercial and non–commercial. The development of these groups of the range of services of sports leagues occurs in different ways. The main sources of profit in the activities of professional sports leagues are the sale of tickets and season tickets for sports competitions, the sale of rights to television and radio broadcasts of competitions, advertising and sponsorship and licensing and commercial activities of clubs. The problems of the formation of the nomenclature of sports league services are highlighted — this is the lack of market conditions, competition and demand, as well as the lack of consumer orientation. The scientific novelty of the work consists in the proposal to form a range of sports league services based on the use of active marketing, analysis of the solvency of the main consumer groups, as well as the introduction of innovative services using digital technologies.

How Much of Which Mode? Using Revealed Preference Data to Design Mobility As a Service Plans

Mobility as a service (MaaS) seeks to integrate emerging shared mobility modes with existing public transportation (PT). Decisive to its uptake will be attractive subscription plans that cater for heterogeneous mobility needs. Research on willingness to pay for such plans has commenced, yet remains divided on a central question: how much to include of which mode, and how? Complementing previous research building on stated preference data, in this study revealed preference data is used to analyze the viability of different subscription plan components (PT, car-sharing, bike-sharing, taxi), modes of inclusion (budgets in minutes and season tickets) and subscription cycles (weekly, monthly). PT season tickets are found to be viable for 83% of all respondents. Interestingly, the viability of minute budgets of car- and bike-sharing depends on subscription cycle length. Using a monthly subscription cycle, car-/bike-sharing appears viable to include in a bundle for 35%/31% of all respondents, respectively. Using a weekly subscription cycle, these figures drop to 1.4%/0.4%, respectively, as weekly variation in demand is much higher than monthly variation. In contrast to many current MaaS pilots, taxi use remains too infrequent to include as recurring credit in MaaS plans. Rather, pay-as-you-go is the economically more sensible option for consumers. This research therefore challenges the idea of all-inclusive mobility flat rates and suggests a more modular design.

Selling to Visiting Fans at the Expense of Home Field Advantage

After eight years on staff, Katie Harris was recently promoted from director of ticket operations to a new position as associate athletic director at Montgomery University (MU). Several months into her new position, Katie is faced with a difficult challenge. Several thousand fans from conference rival Bucks State College (BSC) attended a men’s basketball game at the 15,000-seat MU Convocation Center. The large presence of BSC fans did nothing worthy of ejection, but was able to negatively impact the experience for many MU fans. MU’s high profile men’s basketball coach contacted the director of athletics requesting if something could be done to reduce the impact of visiting fans. Though the coach understands that dealing with opposing fans is part of sport, even on a team’s home court, the environment has become a distraction for coaches, players, and many significant athletic department donors who pay premium prices for season tickets. The coach received complaints from numerous supporters indicating that unless something is done they are considering cancelling their season tickets. Though complicated by logistics, financial, and legal consequences, Katie has been asked to research the issue and share recommendations for policy development.