A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on the Development of Sustainable Heritage Cities in Malaysia

This article highlights previous studies on the development of sustainable heritage cities using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. Data obtained through various search methods, such as (1) a rigorous search of leading major journal databases (Scopus, Web of Science (WOS), Science Direct) and additional journal databases (Google Scholar and My Cite), and (2) handpicking/manual searching. Once the data was obtained, it was analysed through systematic searching strategies (SSS) to obtain accurate and precise material in the field studied. The obtained material was screened in three SSS steps, namely: (1) identification (2) screening, and (3) eligibility. As a result, a total of 42 materials and documents were successfully found and summarized for highlighting. Next, the findings of the analysis were broken down into: (1) the frequency of sustainable urban heritage development studies conducted by country, (2) sustainable urban heritage development constructs (economic prosperity, social well-being, environmental well-being, cultural heritage, government, and community), and (3) study areas (heritage cities, heritage buildings, and historical sites). The findings of this study can contribute to a new paradigm for studies that involve the sustainable development of heritage cities in Malaysia in achieving the 2030 Agenda. Abstrak. Artikel ini menyoroti studi sebelumnya terkait pengembangan kota warisan berkelanjutan menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Data diperoleh melalui berbagai metode pencarian, seperti (1) pencarian dari basis data jurnal terkemuka (Scopus, Web of Science (WOS), Science Direct) dan basis data jurnal tambahan (Google Scholar dan My Cite), dan (2) pencarian manual. Setelah itu, dilakukan analisis melalui strategi pencarian sistematis (SSS) untuk mendapatkan materi yang akurat dan tepat pada keilmuan yang diteliti. Materi yang diperoleh disaring dalam tiga langkah SSS, yaitu: (1) identifikasi, (2) penyaringan, dan (3) tingkat kelayakan. Hasilnya, terdapat total 42 materi dan dokumen yang berhasil ditemukan dan dirangkum untuk disorot. Selanjutnya, temuan analisis dibagi menjadi: (1) frekuensi studi pengembangan warisan kota berkelanjutan yang dilakukan oleh negara, (2) konstruksi pengembangan warisan kota berkelanjutan (kemakmuran ekonomi, kesejahteraan sosial, kesejahteraan lingkungan, budaya cagar budaya, pemerintah, dan masyarakat), dan (3) kawasan studi (kota cagar budaya, bangunan cagar budaya, dan situs sejarah). Temuan penelitian ini dapat berkontribusi pada paradigma baru untuk studi yang melibatkan pembangunan berkelanjutan kota warisan di Malaysia dalam mencapai Agenda 2030. Kata kunci. Pembangunan berkelanjutan, kota warisan, Systematic Literature Review (SLR), Malaysia.

Microentrepreneurship in Himalayan Region: Drafting Heritage Sustenance Through Stakeholders Perception

The debate pertaining to poverty alleviation and increased employment opportunities for tourism microentrepreneurship has recently emerged as an area of investigation in the spheres of academic research. The role of tourism microentrepreneurship in strengthening rural communities has been researched by various tourism researchers and practitioners across the globe in the last few decades. The present study is aimed towards finding out the stakeholder's perception towards microentrepreneurship as a tool for conserving cultural, natural, and built heritage, particularly in the state of Himachal Pradesh, India. To achieve the objectives of this study, a qualitative method has been adopted. The proposed method to investigate stakeholder perception is based on a two-step procedure. The first step identifies the sustainable practices available in the targeted area, and in the second stage current entrepreneurial practices among the microentrepreneurs are investigated through interviews with the respondents to determine the accountability of those practices with sustainable heritage development in the study area. The findings of the study reflect that there is a gap between the microentrepreneurship practices and the sustainable development in the study area. There is also a lack of policies and support from the side of governing bodies. Hence, the study puts forward the fact that despite several challenges, sustainable microentrepreneurship can offer a potential solution to poverty alleviation in the Himalayan region of India. The economic benefits of sustainable micro-entrepreneurship are compelling, and its potential effects on the improvement of the overall lifestyle of stakeholders are equally promising.

Border handling as the most correct dynamic principle of the beginning of the register of immovable cultural heritage development

The correct start of work on developing a spatial data infrastructure of the domain of immovable cultural heritage (CH) of Ukraine is to model the entities boundaries of the CH in the most accessible way at the moment. Created models are used together with the necessary transformations, both in separate systems from the set of CH domain systems, and in several appropriately ordered systems from this set. Many of the required systems are organized into a hierarchy of systems called Atlas Geographic Information System: from public models of CH entities on the Internet to the State System for permanent registration or registration of CH objects under the Ministry of Culture and Information Policy (MCIP) of Ukraine. Border management includes support for the entire life cycle of the spatial characteristics of CH entity models – from random statement about the CH object to the transformation into an object of the registration system or even an object of the national register. It is shown that when defining boundaries, you need to be able to work with different spatial characterizations of the CH object. It is proved that this characterization can be started from available cartographic material, and not from the implementation of land management projects, as it is done in the case of spatial characterization of land parcels. The elements of the methodology are described, which allows to carry out the necessary spatial characterization of the CH objects in practice.

Repositioning of Africa in knowledge production: shaking off historical stigmas � introduction

Africa is recognised as the cradle of humankind with a proven record of creativity and innovation as evidenced by its great empires and kingdoms. It is thus an enigma that currently Africa contributes only 2% to global knowledge production, a situation that is widely believed to account for its underdevelopment. Even though scholarly disagreement cuts very deep here, it is mostly due to the reasons of the status quo rather than to disputing the poor showing of Africa in global knowledge production. The high quality of articles presented in this supplementary issue showcases our conviction that Africa can indeed shake off historical stigmas and reposition itself as a giant in knowledge production. This editorial introduces the contributions in the issue which interrogates the status quo and explores ways in which knowledge production can be enhanced. Three key thematic approaches are presented: a decolonial approach to legitimising African knowledge based on its needs, culture, and heritage; development of robust knowledge production and quality assurance institutions; and inclusive education and knowledge production.

PARTICIPATION OF LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS AT BAN CHIANG WORLD HERITAGE SITE

This paper deals with the empowerment of local residents and the economic development of the World Heritage (WH) site at Ban Chiang, Thailand; a prehistoric necropolis dating back to the first millennium BC. The site itself was added to the WH list in 1992, with the intention of safeguarding it from further looting by local inhabitants through the possible combination of restrictive laws and tourism-generated income. To ascertain the success of those policies three decades later, tourism activities and local community participation have been assessed in this study through GIS spatial analysis and a questionnaire survey based on the Resident Empowerment through Tourism Scale (RETS). The spatial analysis shows that no tourism activity has developed within the heritage property, which remains unvisited by tourists, while the questionnaire survey confirms that tourism and the related income potential for Ban Chiang residents are limited, but they are proud of the fact that Ban Chiang is a WH site, and strongly support tourism. The other negative aspects are the lack of political participation by the local community, and the lack of tourism skills, both of which limit any possible further development of the site. Based on such results, a theoretical framework for sustainable heritage development derived from Landorf’s research is elaborated in this study, employing all the various stages of sustainable heritage development and analysis tools from site assessment to the planning and development stages.

Sustainable Heritage Management: Exploring Dimensions of Pull and Push Factors

While determining sustainable heritage development, it is important to consider how heritage satisfies human needs. The purpose of this study is to explore the pull and push factors in heritage tourism. This study generated 38 initial items of pull factor and 18 initial items of push factor toward heritage tourism to assess the significance of items influencing people’s decision to visit heritage sites. The study obtained 332 valid questionnaires to implement exploratory factor analysis to capture the pull and push factors. Four pull factors with 15 items and 2 push factors with 9 items were extracted. The pull factors consisted of heritage architecture, art activity, wide nature, and regional attraction, while the push factors comprised recreational benefits and long-term values. The study suggests that the heritage’s outdoor environment should be planned through wide landscaping and natural elements, while art activities can be promoted to enhance attractiveness.