Although the emotional consequences of social rejection are well-documented, less is known about the emotional antecedents of making the decision to reject. The present studies examine the association of anxiety and depressive symptoms, general distress, self-esteem, and rejection sensitivity with intentions to reject. In a set of two preregistered studies (N-1 = 214, N-2 = 264), participants completed symptom, self-esteem, and rejection sensitivity questionnaires and read friendship and romantic relationship vignettes. Participants indicated their likelihood of engaging in rejection, perceived difficulty of rejecting, and how they would feel about rejecting. Across both studies, participants experiencing higher levels of general distress and lower levels of self-esteem indicated that engaging in rejection would be more difficult and would lead to higher levels of negative emotion. In addition, participants with higher levels of rejection sensitivity felt that engaging in rejection would be more difficult. However, participants did not differ in their reported willingness to reject based on symptoms, self-esteem, or rejection sensitivity, nor did these markers relate to the number of romantic relationships they had ended. Taken together, the two studies suggest that psychological distress may not result in decreased willingness to reject, but may make the decision-making process feel more difficult.