Una aproximación a LABoral. Centro de Arte y Creación Industrial (2007-2011) desde la teoría y la praxis de José Luis Brea

La hipótesis de la que partimos es que ciertas tesis formuladas por José Luis Brea sobre el estatuto de las prácticas artísticas en la era del mundo-Internet, acompañadas de su labor artística y curatorial en la red, podrían verse continuadas y ampliadas con la puesta en marcha y consolidación de LABoral. Centro de Arte y Creación Industrial de Gijón. Creemos que el programa del centro asturiano, dedicado íntegramente al arte, la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación, materializa una parte significativa de las concepciones que sostenía Brea para un mundo inmerso en la digitalización de los procesos de producción. En el presente artículo intentaremos poner de manifiesto la transición del net art a la contemporaneidad de las prácticas artísticas; la posible influencia de Brea en dicho proyecto institucional, que fragua su primera directora Rosina Gómez-Baeza; y la conexión existente y apenas comentada entre ambos actores del mundo del arte en el estado español.

Image in the Making

Human beings have always made images, and to do so they have developed and refined an enormous range of artistic tools and materials. With the development of digital technology, the ways of making images—whether they are still or moving, 2D or 3D—have evolved at an unprecedented rate. At every stage of image making, artists now face a choice between using analog and using digital tools. Yet a digital image need not look digital; and likewise, a handmade image or traditional photograph need not look analog. If we do not see the artist’s choice between the analog and the digital, what difference can this choice make for our appreciation of images in the digital age? Image in the Making answers this question by accounting for the fundamental distinction between the analog and the digital; by explicating the technological realization of this distinction in image-making practice; and by exploring the creative possibilities that are distinctive of the digital. The case is made for a new kind of appreciation in the digital age. In appreciating the images involved in every digital art form—from digital video installation to net art to digital cinema—there is a basic truth that we cannot ignore: the nature and technology of the digital expands both what an image can be as an image and what an image can be for us.

Art

O presente estudo de natureza teórica visa sobretudo questionar a Internet Art, tendo em conta as hipóteses, estratégias e caraterísticas da expressão artística face ao meio de atuação. Este trabalho pretende demonstrar a correlação entre arte e tecnologia, com destaque a Internet, como meio e espaço de criação artística através da internet art ou net art. A internet art resulta de uma rede de comunicação global e tecnológica, sendo apresentada enquanto meio de criação artística de obras virtuais, interativas e ilusórias. A partir deste enquadramento, são apresentadas e analisadas as características deste meio de comunicação, exemplificado através de várias obras da net art, a forma como os artistas apropriam estas mesmas características nos seus trabalhos, destacando a relação entre meio e prática artística. A arte de internet é, por sua vez, apresentada através de um estudo, cujas características estão direcionadas a tipologias e temáticas no contexto do desenvolvimento de novas possibilidades para a obra, para o artista e para o público. A relação entre a internet, enquanto meio de comunicação tecnológica, e a arte de internet, enquanto expressão artística contemporânea é compreendida através da análise da produção com base nas características que definem a rede. Procura-se, desta forma, destacar a importância da net art no seio da arte contemporânea, promovendo uma nova perspetiva para a compreensão da internet enquanto meio e espaço de criação artística.

Cibersociedad, net art, ciberfeminismo y cibercultura: el cuerpo en internet

La expresión artística en el ciberespacio da a conocer una nueva imagen del cuerpo, icono por ende del arte a lo largo de la historia de la humanidad, dicho icono ve cómo su dimensión se modifica merced el uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones. Las posibilidades que estas tecnologías proporcionan han posibilitado un cuerpo obra de arte en el ciberespacio, merced a las performances propias del Net Art. El cuerpo y la obra de arte en esta dimensión virtual adquiere una dimensión de deslocalización que antes no poseían.Así como el Net Art ciberfeminista permite una visión de la identidad de género virtual que viene dado por la performatividad de la representación corporal de los sujetos mediante el Net art.

Entre la estabilización y la diseminación del sentido. El uso del archivo en el net art

La presente investigación propone analizar diferentes producciones de net art y arte postinternet, tanto del ámbito local como internacional, que abordan la cuestión del archivo, ya sea generando archivos propios o escenificando archivos existentes. El objetivo es indagar la tensión que habita entre la fuerza estabilizadora propia de los documentos, en cuanto conservación y jerarquización del saber, y el uso que las nuevas tecnologías habilitan en torno a la diseminación y a la activación de nuevas posibilidades de sentido.

Художественный синтез в дизайне города. Современные тенденции

Основная задача статьи – выявить особенности, тенденции и новые формы художественного синтеза и в дизайне современного города. В статье рассматриваются возникновение новых форм художественного синтеза в дизайне города в условиях современного постиндустриального общества с его новыми технико-технологическими возможностями, ценностными ориентирами и отношением к предметно-пространственному окружению человека. Выявляются наметившиеся тенденции в области развития традиционных, а также становления новых форм художественного синтеза, основанных на различных видах современного дизайна, светографического, ландшафтного и арт-дизайна, цифрового искусства, net-art и медиа-арта. Полученные результаты позволят утверждать, что наметившиеся тенденции в области художественного синтеза в дизайне города отражают происходящие преобразования городских пространств, повышение их комфортности и художественно-эстетические качеств.

Los videos en la red y el net-art

The videos shared on the web are a recent stage in the development of our media culture. Although many of the creators and viewers of online videos consider them as objects of a daily personal activity, with the blurry borders between art and the archive of memory, the simple fact of being on the internet places them in the circle of social communication. Watching videos on the Internet involves reading simultaneous content, such as texts and images, for example, when the video is embedded in a newspaper article or in the middle of still images that alternate with moving scenes of commercials. The computer reading experience often mixes this information with simultaneous images displayed in various areas of the screen. For the internet user, observing a complete image of a temporary object or still image is in practice, an exception. In the words of Andreas Treske, the essential characteristic of an online video is that it never exists alone.

Visual Arts and Digital Technologies

With the advent and dissemination of digital technologies, devices and means in the middle of the twentieth century, dramatic changes occurred in all spheres of life. The data reporting environment is changing and the era of new media is approaching. Digital technologies and the global network have a fundamental impact on culture, traditions and art. In this context, in terms of visual art, digital technologies allow for the emergence of new artistic practices that take their place next to classical art activities. Leading the way is the idea that digital technology is not just a tool, but rather a creation process, thus focusing on the concept inspired by the digital context rather than on the means expressed. In modernity, visual art and scientific achievements live in harmony. Keywords: Digital Art; Art; Virtual Reality (VR); Technological Innovations; Net Art; Artificial Intelligence (AI); New Media Art

Tilt Brush. The New Perspective of Art

Interpenetration of ideas, culture, economics, raw materials and etc. are causing globalization in our society. This trend is also assisted by the growing technological innovations. Society is increasingly turning to digital tools to provide fast communications, access to information and goods through the global network, especially needed during the pandemic. In terms of art, these factors contribute to shifting the range from classical means of expression to contemporary art forms focused on digital media. Historically, the discovery of photography in the 19th century radically changed art. Painting frees itself from the function of reflecting objective reality and seeks new means of expression and meaning. In the early 20th century, new trends in the avant-garde art seek to depict intangible things away from visible reality such as the inner world of the artist, emotions, symbols, music, time and more. One of the brightest trends - Cubism is a typical example. It seeks a way to show objects rationally from several sides simultaneously - three-dimensional, but unfortunately it is limited by the means of expression - the two-dimensional surface of the canvas. Digital technologies today have a solution to this problem. They provide digital tools that completely change painting. The canvas no longer exists in the familiar way in which the artist works. It is becoming history. With the invention of VR glasses, the boundaries of visible reality and imagination in art have been removed to enter a new virtual world. Tilt Brush technology goes one step further, giving the opportunity to the artist to create 3D images with a brush in hand while moving in the virtual world he creates. Canvas doesn’t exist, it is a virtual digital world three-dimensional arising from the imagination of the artist and existing only through the eyes of the pink VR glasses. Here comes the question, will technology displace the artist's hand? Keywords: Digital Art, Art, Virtual Reality (VR), Tilt Brush, Technological Innovations, Net Art, Non-Fungible Tokens (NFT), Artificial Intelligence