Effects of Additives Containing Cyanopyridine on Electrodeposition of Bright Al Coatings from AlCl3-EMIC Ionic Liquids

The Al coatings were electrodeposited on the Cu substrate from AlCl3-EMIC ionic liquid (AlCl3:EMIC = 2:1 molar ratio) containing three cyanopyridine additives with different positions of the substituent group on the pyridine ring, which were 2-cyanopyridine, 3-cyanopyridine, and 4-cyanopyridine. The effects of cyanopyridine additives on the deposition potential, morphology, brightness, and corrosion properties of Al coatings were investigated. It was considered that the deposition potential of Al shifted to more negative overpotentials, the quality of Al coatings was promoted, and the corrosion property was improved by the cyanopyridine additives to a varying degree. Especially in the presence of 4-cyanopyridine, the flattest mirror bright Al coating was obtained, which had the smallest homogeneous nanocrystal grain size and strongest Al (200) crystallographic orientation. The average roughness Ra value was as low as 31 nm compared to that in the absence of cyanopyridine additives, which was 417 nm. Furthermore, the corrosion current density of the bright Al coating was three orders of magnitude lower than the rough Al coating, which resulted from the dense nanocrystal structure.

Study of naphthopyran derivatives: structure and photochromic properties in solution and in polymer film

Four naphthopyran derivatives, namely, 3,3-bis(naphthalen-1-yl)-3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran, C33H22O, NP1, 3,3-bis([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran, C37H26O, NP2, 3,3-bis(4-phenoxyphenyl)-3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran, C37H26O2, NP3, and 3,3-bis(4-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)-3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran, C29H26O3, NP4, were synthesized and their photochromic properties investigated. NP1–NP4 exhibited good photochromism in different solutions and in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) film under UV light irradiation. Solvatochromism and the electronic and steric effects of the substituent group on photochromism were analyzed and decolouration curves were found to fit a monoexponential kinetic decay in most cases. Single-crystal X-ray analysis of NP1 and NP2 revealed the structure–property relationships. Good fatigue resistance of NP1, both in solution and in the PMMA film, endows it with potential value for applications.

Nickel(II) Salicylaldiminates: Re-Visiting a Classic

A series of Ni(II) trinuclear complexes, [Ni₃(sala-X)₆] (sala-X = <i>o</i>-[(<i>p</i>-X-phenylimino)methyl]phenol; X = Br <b>1-Br</b>, Me <b>1-Me</b> and OMe <b>1-OMe</b>), have been prepared and fully characterised. X-ray crystallographic studies reveal that the complexes are composed of <a>three face-sharing octahedral Ni(II) metal ions bridged by the phenoxide oxygens of the sala-X ligands</a>. Magnetic studies indicate that the magnetic Ni(II) centres are ferromagnetically coupled with the substituent group having only a minor impact on the magnitude of coupling. DFT calculations also support ferromagnetic coupling with smaller Ni-O-Ni angles leading to slightly larger coupling constants in line with previous studies.

Nickel(II) Salicylaldiminates: Re-Visiting a Classic

A series of Ni(II) trinuclear complexes, [Ni₃(sala-X)₆] (sala-X = <i>o</i>-[(<i>p</i>-X-phenylimino)methyl]phenol; X = Br <b>1-Br</b>, Me <b>1-Me</b> and OMe <b>1-OMe</b>), have been prepared and fully characterised. X-ray crystallographic studies reveal that the complexes are composed of <a>three face-sharing octahedral Ni(II) metal ions bridged by the phenoxide oxygens of the sala-X ligands</a>. Magnetic studies indicate that the magnetic Ni(II) centres are ferromagnetically coupled with the substituent group having only a minor impact on the magnitude of coupling. DFT calculations also support ferromagnetic coupling with smaller Ni-O-Ni angles leading to slightly larger coupling constants in line with previous studies.

Synthesis of carboxy-cyclobutane isomers combining an amide bond and self-assembly of coordination polymers in the solid state: controlling the reaction site of [2 + 2] cycloaddition by introducing a substituent group

Combining an amide bond and self-assembly of CPs by solid-state [2 + 2] cycloaddition reactions to synthesize stereoselectively carboxy-cyclobutane isomers.