The Owner of the Right over Nature, or Expert Mediators in the Modern Era and at Present

F. Bacon in his work New Organon proposes a project of a new science, which ensures the desire of human race “to recover its right over nature”. The article examines the work on the universal owner of “the right over nature” in two historical contexts. The first context determines the emergence of modern science. Here Bacon plays the role of an expert mediator who introduces the new scientific method in its broader social meaning. His work on the universal owner of “the right over nature” combines and intersects the cognitive and political aspects of scientific endeavor. The second context covers the present situation after the Scientific-Technical Revolution, when the use of the “right over nature” becomes actual, and not only possible. The contradictions revealed in the first context in the activities of the expert mediator serve as the basis for analyzing the present situation of interaction between science and society. The author describes the expert mediator, corresponding to the modern context of uncertainty and conflict of values, through the concept of “honest broker of policy alternatives” by R. Pielke, as well as through the palette of expert knowledge types presented by the STS researchers. She shows why the presented differentiation of expert knowledge types is not enough to organize the work of an expert mediator as an “honest broker”. In conclusion, she puts forward the hypothesis about distributed expertise, which can represent contemporary work on the owner of the “right over nature” and describes some aspects of this work. The author associates the significance of the hypothesis of distributed expertise with the preservation of the openness of the project of Bacon's new science.

The Fall of the Honest Broker

Thus far, this book has focused on concepts which have played a crucial role in formulating the debate between economically minded and progressively minded scholars about the policy and content of corporate reorganization law. In contrast with these earlier chapters, Chapter 8 is concerned with a concept which has not divided corporate reorganization law scholars to date, but which now interacts with another corporate law field in a new way. The relevant concept is the concept of transparency and disclosure, and the proximate field in question is the law of insider trading. Chapter 8 explores why shifts in identities in the finance field raise entirely new questions about the implications of transparency and disclosure for insider trading and market abuse liability in both the US and England.

EU could act as honest broker in Greek-Turkish crisis

Headline EU/GREECE/TURKEY: EU could act as honest broker

ASEAN amid China’s Vision of the Belt and Road and the US Strategy for the Indo-Pacific: Building a Strategic Bridge to Two Great Power Initiatives

This commentary examines China’s Belt and Road Initiative and the US Indo-Pacific strategy as manifestations of an ongoing geopolitical rivalry in Asia and Southeast Asia and further details ASEAN’s potential to act as a strategic bridge for tamping down tensions and thereby promoting regional development. The Belt and Road Initiative and the Indo-Pacific strategy are cast as “dual-purpose” initiatives, reflecting both an economic and a strategic military dimension. This commentary analyzes these developments as part of an overall matrix and suggests that by virtue of its history, orientation and current economic aspirations, ASEAN can legitimately assume the role of “honest broker” to advance regional stability and commercial connectivity at this critical juncture.

An Honest Broker for the Animals

This chapter examines how Bernhard Grzimek relaunched his quest to save the Serengeti in the wake of his son Michael’s death and the shift toward African self-rule under the leadership of Tanganyika’s new prime minister Julius Nyerere in 1960–1961. Unlike his compatriots in the IUCN who feared black-majority rule, Grzimek saw decolonization as a time of opportunity. He convinced Nyerere that expanding the country’s national park system would catalyze socioeconomic development through tourism, technical assistance, and direct aid. Working alongside John Owen, the director of Tanganyikan National Parks, Grzimek developed a para-diplomatic style of advocacy that promoted package tours and solicited donations on television and secured bilateral aid outside official state protocols. Such efforts created a strange alliance between nature conservationists hoping to curtail rural development and African modernizers hoping to promote it. These varied interests came together at Arusha in September 1961 at a landmark UNESCO-sponsored symposium where Nyerere pledged to protect Tanganyika’s wildlife inheritance so long as Europeans made good on their promises.

The Polish Vision of EU Future: Imitation of the Hungarian Model?

The argument of this article is based on the assumption that the Hungarian EU model and the imitative Polish EU vision are based on Euroscepticism, creating the concepts equally incompatible with Western standards of democracy and the EU mainstream views. The strong articulation of extreme opinions leads to the isolation, while in the light of liberal intergovernmentalism it is the Polish concept that undermines the relative position of that state in the EU system more than the Hungarian one. First, compared with Hungary, Poland has completely different interests based on a Russian threat and geographical location. Second, due to its size Poland could be a relatively strong player in the EU, while presentation of a radical concept weakens its role, making it impossible to act as intermediary, an honest broker or a group leader. On the contrary, the Hungarian model, based on a similar concept but applied to a small political actor, can strengthen the relatively marginal position of that state, being a beneficial way to achieve some goals in tactical games.

Qatar's Clean Diplomacy Facing Regional Conflict

Qatar is one of the richest countries in the Middle East region. Qatar is able to supply the third largest gas to the world and become the third largest exporter of liquid natural gas. This paper is interested in analyzing the behavior of the Qatari government amid various conflicts and tensions in the Middle East region. Qatar tends to position itself as a mediator of conflict. The Qatari government believes that by being a mediator in this conflict it can be a neutral position.Qatari governance is based on the basic norm structure that is used as a policy platform, and articulates it openly, with integrity, and is measurable. This is known as clean diplomacy. Qatar manages the crisis by remaining consistent with its image as a guardian of regional peace and stability. The image of Qatar as an 'honest broker' country is able to increase Qatar's legitimacy in the international public arena. This paper builds on arguments based on secondary document data, and interprets the data with a qualitative approach to understanding Qatar's foreign policy behavior. The analysis showed that the choice of governance of Qatar's clean diplomacy proved effective in managing the foreign political pressure of neighboring countries in the form of not escalating conflict, and Qatar's political and economic stability.