RESISTANCE OF SPRING BARLEY VARIETIES BRED BY THE OMSK AGRARIAN SCIENTIFIC CENTER TO STRESS UNDER CONDITIONS OF WESTERN SIBERIA

Spring barley is a key grain-fodder and fodder crop, which forms an increased yield compared to other grain-fodder crops due to early maturity and drought resistance. Taking into account climatic factors and production demands, breeding for increased productivity and adaptability to local natural and climatic factors, resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses is relevant today. The purpose of the research was to assess the fitness of spring barley varieties (Hordeum sativum L.) bred by the Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center for the conditions of climate transition from continental to sharply continental in Western Siberia. The object of the research: eleven varieties of spring barley, which belong to the multi-row hulled (standard ‘Omskiy 99’), two-row hulled (standard ‘Omskiy 95’), multi-row hulless or “naked” (standard ‘Omskiy golozerny 2’) and two-row hulless (standard ‘Omskiy golozerny 1’). The studies were carried out in the zone of the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia from 2011 to 2019. The coefficient of linear regression and the stability of the reaction of the yield of varieties were calculated. Under the conditions of the continental and sharply continental climate of Western Siberia, the average yield of spring barley for the period of research was 4.03 t/ha (Lim. = 2.23–5.63 t/ha). The intensive group includes varieties ‘Omskiy golozerny 4’, ‘Sibirskiy Avangard’ and ‘Sasha’ (regression coefficient more than 1). Increased stability of the yield was noted in the varieties ‘Omskiy golozerny 2’, ‘Omskiy golozerny 1’, ‘Sasha’, ‘Omskiy 90’, ‘Omskiy 96’, ‘Omskiy 100’ (stability variance less than 0.29). Varieties ‘Omskiy 96’ and ‘Omskiy 100’ are characterized by full compliance of the formed yield with those agrotechnical conditions in which they are grown at a fairly stable level of productivity formation. The highest average yield over the years of the study was formed by the varieties ‘Sasha’ (4.70 t/ha) with values of plasticity (regression coefficient is equal 1.1) and stability (stability variance is equal 0.18), ‘Omskiy 100’ (4.89 t/ha; 1.02; 0.11, respectively). We recommend them for cultivation in the region.

An investigation of genotype-environment interaction and stability for pea (Pisum sativum L) seed yield

Eighteen pea breeding lines and three check cultivars were tested in two years with and without irrigation. The linear regression can explain only a small part of GEI so the use of regression technique was not possible for interpreting the data. In this case the ecovalence, stability variance and superiority measure stability parameters cannot describe properly the genotype's response. With the AMMI method it is possible to group properly the genotypes according to their response.

Comparison of Stability Statistics as Criteria for Cultivar Development in Peanut1

Means of yield and qualitative traits are assessed in multi-location tests in the final stages of breeding line evaluation. Due to large environmental variation and genotype x environment interactions, it is often desirable to compare stability of lines over a range of environments. The objective of this study was to use various stability parameters to try and determine the stability of experimental breeding lines. Using data from regional advanced peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) breeding line yield trials conducted over 3 years and four locations in Virginia and North Carolina, the stability of peanut cultivars and breeding lines was compared. Stability variance was found to be highly correlated (0.91–1.00) with covariate adjusted stability variance. In many instances, the stability-variance parameters produced similar results to pairwise regressions and dissimilarity measures when compared with standard cultivars. However, the distance parameters and regressions provided more precise information on relative responses in varying environments of two advanced breeding lines being considered for release. This allowed for direct comparison to cultivars targetted for replacement. NC 18411 had equal mean yields and qualitative traits but better stability than breeding line NC 18423. Regression analysis indicated that NC 18423 performed best in good environments but worse than most other cultivars in poor environments. Means and stability of value per kilogram and value per hectare were highly correlated with percentage of sound mature kernels and yield (0.92–0.99), respectively. A comparison of means and stability parameters was effective in discerning superiority of peanut breeding lines for potential release and use by growers.