scholarly journals RESISTANCE OF SPRING BARLEY VARIETIES BRED BY THE OMSK AGRARIAN SCIENTIFIC CENTER TO STRESS UNDER CONDITIONS OF WESTERN SIBERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (24) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
P.N. Nikolaev ◽  
◽  
O.A. Yusova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Stability Variance

Spring barley is a key grain-fodder and fodder crop, which forms an increased yield compared to other grain-fodder crops due to early maturity and drought resistance. Taking into account climatic factors and production demands, breeding for increased productivity and adaptability to local natural and climatic factors, resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses is relevant today. The purpose of the research was to assess the fitness of spring barley varieties (Hordeum sativum L.) bred by the Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center for the conditions of climate transition from continental to sharply continental in Western Siberia. The object of the research: eleven varieties of spring barley, which belong to the multi-row hulled (standard ‘Omskiy 99’), two-row hulled (standard ‘Omskiy 95’), multi-row hulless or “naked” (standard ‘Omskiy golozerny 2’) and two-row hulless (standard ‘Omskiy golozerny 1’). The studies were carried out in the zone of the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia from 2011 to 2019. The coefficient of linear regression and the stability of the reaction of the yield of varieties were calculated. Under the conditions of the continental and sharply continental climate of Western Siberia, the average yield of spring barley for the period of research was 4.03 t/ha (Lim. = 2.23–5.63 t/ha). The intensive group includes varieties ‘Omskiy golozerny 4’, ‘Sibirskiy Avangard’ and ‘Sasha’ (regression coefficient more than 1). Increased stability of the yield was noted in the varieties ‘Omskiy golozerny 2’, ‘Omskiy golozerny 1’, ‘Sasha’, ‘Omskiy 90’, ‘Omskiy 96’, ‘Omskiy 100’ (stability variance less than 0.29). Varieties ‘Omskiy 96’ and ‘Omskiy 100’ are characterized by full compliance of the formed yield with those agrotechnical conditions in which they are grown at a fairly stable level of productivity formation. The highest average yield over the years of the study was formed by the varieties ‘Sasha’ (4.70 t/ha) with values of plasticity (regression coefficient is equal 1.1) and stability (stability variance is equal 0.18), ‘Omskiy 100’ (4.89 t/ha; 1.02; 0.11, respectively). We recommend them for cultivation in the region.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF APPLICATION OF VARIOUS METHODS FOR PLASTICITY AND STABILITY CALCULATION OF VARIETIES ON THE EXAMPLE OF SPRING BARLEY

2021 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
O.A. Yusova ◽  
◽  
P.N. Nikolaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Stability Calculation ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Resistance To Stress

Spring barley is a key grain-fodder and feed crop, which forms an increased yield (in comparison with other grain-fodder crops) due to early maturity and drought resistance. Many different methods for assessing environmental plasticity and stability have been developed, they are reliable and informative. The purpose of this study is a comparative characteristic of plasticity and stability parametres calculated with application of various methods on the example of barley varieties. The experimental part of the work was carried out in 2013-2017 on the experimental fields of the Omsk Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center (southern forest-steppe, Omsk). The parametres of ecological plasticity were calculated: Ymin-Ymax - resistance to stress, - compensatory ability (according to Rossielle, Hemblin); CV is the coefficient of variation (according to Dospekhov); K.A. - coefficient of adaptability (according to Zhivotkov’s meth- od); bi - coefficient of linear regression of productivity of varieties (according to Eberhart, Russell). Also, parametres of environmental stability are as follows: SI - stability index, Hom - homeostaticity (according to Khangildin); PVSL - parametre of variety stability level (according to Nettevich); σ2 d – regression coeffi- cient (according to Eberhart, Russell). The research results show that the parametres of plasticity and stability of varieties calculated by various methods differ significantly. Obviously, it is necessary to use a methodology that will bring all the scattered results to a single denominator. In this case, it is more convenient to use the principle of ranking varieties according to parameters and to evaluate them according to the sum of the ranks obtained by each variety. Thus, ac- cording to the rank assessment, the most stable and plastic are varieties that received this assessment according to most of the methods used in the research.

scholarly journals THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF THE RHIZOSPHERE OF SPRING BARLEY UNDER THE APPLICATION OF FERTILIZERS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTHERN FOREST STEPPE OF WESTERN SIBERIA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.N. Shuliko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Positive Effect

The biological activity of the rhizosphere soil increased upon the application of mineral fertilizers (N18P42) and their combination with straw (N18P42 + straw) by 58 and 70 %, in comparison to the control. Of the three studied factors, the application of mineral fertilizers had the highest positive effect on the number of microorganisms in the barley rhizosphere, both separately and in combination with the studied factors.

scholarly journals NEW MID-SEASON SPRING BARLEY CULTIVAR OMSKY 101

2019 ◽  
Vol 180 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
P. N. Nikolaev ◽  
O. A. Yusova ◽  
N. I. Aniskov ◽  
I. V. Safonova ◽  
J. V. Ryapolova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Barley Cultivar ◽  
Loose Smut ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Scientific Center

Background. The primary task of plant breeding is to develop and introduce into production two-row mid-season barley cultivars for feed and food purposes, capable of generating a high and high-quality grain yield. The purpose of the study is to characterize the new two-row fodder spring barley cultivar ‘Omsky 101’ (bred at Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center) according to its grain quality, yield and resistance to a set of diseases.Materials and methods. The experimental part of the work was carried out from 2013 through 2018 on the experimental fields of Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center, located in the southern forest-steppe and steppe zones. The area of the plot was 10 m2; there were 4 replications. The seeding rate was 4 million viable seeds per 1 ha. Agricultural practice in the experiment was conventional for the West Siberian region. Mathematical data processing complied with B. A. Dospekhov’s guidelines.Results. In terms of productivity, the new promising cv. ‘Omsky 101’ is a high-yielding variety; on average, over the period of research, its yield significantly exceeded the level of the reference cv. ‘Omsky 95’ both in the southern forest-steppe zone (+0.55 t/ha) and in the steppe zone (+0.38 t/ha). The increase over cv. ‘Omsky 100’ was 0.29 and 0.59 t/ha when sown over autumn plowing and fallow, respectively. When compared with the reference ‘Omsky 95’, ‘Omsky 101’ showed a gain in the weight of 1000 grains (+5.3 g), grain unit weight (+44.0 g/l), and grain uniformity (+12.4%). Also, when compared with both the reference and ‘Omsky 100’, there was an increased content of protein (+1.0 and +0.9%, respectively) and starch (+1.3 and +1.5%, respectively) in grain. During the period of study, according to the maximum damage scores with various smut species, ‘Omsky 101’ showed low rates of susceptibility to false loose smut (3.5% on average) and covered smut (5.0%), which is lower than the reference and level with cv. ‘Omsky 100’. Loose smut virulence rate was medium (23.1%), which is level with the reference but exceeds ‘Omsky 100’. Conclusion. The new promising cultivar ‘Omsky 101’ is high-yielding, of high quality, and resistant to smut species. The cultivar has been submitted to State Variety Trials in the Ural (9), West Siberian (10) and East Siberian (11) regions.

scholarly journals ADAPTIVITY OF NEW VARIETY OF OMSKIY 101 SPRING BARLEY

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
P. N. Nikolaev ◽  
O. A. Yusova ◽  
N. I. Aniskov ◽  
I. V. Safonova
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Ecological Group ◽  
Cylindrical Shape ◽  
Average Height ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Average Width

The authors see the creation of potentially high-yield varieties of barley adapted to the conditions of a particular region as a priority for selection. The study characterizes a new two-row variety of spring barley Omskiy 101 in terms of yield and adaptability for the conditions of the southern forest-steppe in Western Siberia. Comprehensive studies were carried out on the experimental fields of Omsk ANC premises from 2014 to 2018. The originator of spring barley Omskiy 101 was the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution Omsk ANC. A parental material was taken from the variety given by the Vavilov Federal Research Center Russian Institute of Plant and Genetic Resources. The variety Omskiy 101 belongs to the forest-steppe ecological group of varieties, drought tolerant, midseason, resistant to lodging. Distinctive features: average height; semi-straight, medium thickness and strenght stem, the color of the stem nodes brown; the average width of the leaf, the absence of pubescence on the vaginas of the lower leaves, the presence of a wax coating; two-row, membranous, spinous spike of cylindrical shape; the transition of flower scales to the spine is gradual, the nerve is poorly expressed; the spines are long, smooth, parallel to the spike, of medium roughness; possible anthocyanin coloration of tips and serration, hairy bristles; the grain is yellow, filmy, semi-elongated, large. The variety is highly harvested in Western Siberia (an increase of 0.55 t/ha to the standard in the Southern forest-steppe zone and 0.38 t/ha in the steppe on average for the period of research from 2014 to 2018). The variety is characterized by responsiveness to improved growing conditions as determined by S.A. Eberhart, W.A. Russell (bi = 1,1), and according to the methods proposed by A.A. Gryaznov (IEP = 1.05) and C. Wricke (Wi = 0.20). The studied variety was also characterized by increased stability (σ2d = 0.1 according to S.A. Eberhart and W.A. Russell) and adaptability (KA = 104.6% according to L.A. Zhivotkov). The variety was submitted for state variety testing in 2018 in the Ural (9), West Siberian (10) and East Siberian (11) regions.

scholarly journals Assessment of Varieties of Spring Barley of Selection of Omsk Agrarian Research Center for Adaptivity of Mass of 1000 Grains

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
P N Nikolaev ◽  
O A Yusova ◽  
N I Aniskov ◽  
I V Safonova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Intensive Group ◽  
Adaptability Parameters ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Selection Of

Considering climatic factors and production demands, selection for increased productivity and adaptability to local climatic factors is currently relevant. To create new varieties of barley with the listed factors, a promising source material with improved adaptive qualities is required. One of the leading structural elements that determine the productivity of a variety is the mass of 1000 grains. Objective: to assess the adaptability of spring barley varieties from the selection of the Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center in terms of the mass of 1000 grains. The object of research was 11 varieties of spring barley breeding Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center. Based on this indicator, the following adaptability parameters were calculated: the indicator of the size of the grain size, the coefficient of variation, the coefficient and ecovalent of ecological plasticity, the relative stability of the trait and homeostaticity. The final assessment was carried out according to the sum of ranks obtained by each applied method, given that rank 1 is higher. The average weight of 1000 grains of barley varieties, breeding of the Omsk ANC, was 45.7 g in membranous and 40.9 g in huskless. According to the results of adaptability studies, stable varieties were identified that are poorly responsive to changes in cultivation conditions and better adapted to medium and low levels of agriculture: Omsky 95, Gift of Siberia and Omsk huskless 2 (the sum of ranks ranged from 22.0 to 29.0). Varieties Sibirsky Avant-garde, Sasha, Omsky 91, Omskyhuskless 1 and Omsky 90 (sum of ranks from 38.0 to 51.0) are classified as plastic ones – the change in grain size of these varieties is fully consistent with the change in growing conditions. Strong responsiveness to changing conditions was found in varieties Omsky 96, Omsky 100 and Omsky 99 (the sum of ranks varies from 59.0 to 63.0) – these varieties belong to the intensive group, which means less adaptability to adverse conditions.

scholarly journals Screening of oat cultivars developed in omsk for conditions of the southern foreststeppe in Western Siberia

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Oksana Aleksandrovna Yusova ◽  
Petr Nikolayevich Nikolaev ◽  
Nikolay Ivanovich Aniskov ◽  
Irina Vladimirovna Safonova
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Genotypic Effect ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Naked Oat ◽  
Oat Cultivars

Spring oats are one of the most important crops among grain crops, and they are well adapted to the conditions of Western Siberia. To realize qualitative and quantitative characteristics of yield and increase productivity, new varieties should be characterized by responsiveness to changing environmental factors (adaptability) with sufficient potential productivity and ability to realize it even in the stressful conditions of this region. The aim of the research was to determine adaptive properties of spring oat cultivars developed in Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center. The experiments were carried out on the experimental fields of the Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center, located in the southern forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia, in 2011-2019. The st following adaptability parameters were calculated: stress tolerance Kst (according to A.V. Bykov), homeostaticity Hom (V.V. Khangildin), breeding value of cultivar Sc (according to N.A. Orlyansky), genotypic effect Ɛi (B.P. Guriev), coefficient of variation V and coefficient of uniformity B (B.A. Dospekhov), resilience of stability index У (R.A. Udachin and P.A. Golovchenko), rate of reaction of varieties to the environmental conditions Re (V.V. Novokhatin), equivalent plasticity Wi (C. Wricke). Using a significant number of indicators to obtain a final assessment of adaptability, a ranking of cultivars was carried out. Among hulled oat cultivars, Orion (control), Irtysh 13 and Irtysh 21 had increased adaptability (the sum of the ranks was 23, 35 and 36, respectively). In naked oat cultivars, Progress was more stable (the sum of the ranks was 79). These cultivars are recommended for cultivation in conditions of the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia.

HISTORY AND PROSPECTS OF WINTER CROPS BREEDING IN THE SOUTHERN FOREST STEPPE OF WESTERN SIBERIA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.N. Nikolaev ◽  
◽  
O.A. Yusova
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Winter Crops

The article presents the history and analysis of the development of winter crops in the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia. Despite the relatively small areas of winter crops in the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia, the Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center has accumulated significant experience in breeding this crop.

scholarly journals Promising two-row covered cultivars for increasing yield and quality of barley grain in conditions of the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-312
Author(s):  
Petr N. Nikolayev ◽  
Oksana A. Yusova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Extractive Content ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
State Register ◽  
State Registration ◽  
Covered Group

Agroclimatic features of the regions of barley cultivation necessitate the creation and cultivation of cultivars characterized by adaptability to local bioand abiofactors. Such cultivars are able to form a stable high-quality crop regardless of the conditions prevailing during the growing season. The developing of potentially high-yielding cultivars is a priority task of barley breeding in the West Siberian region. Two-row barley is characterized by grain equalization, reduced husk content and increased extractive content, compared to sixrow barley. The aim of the study was to characterize the new promising cultivars of barley (two-row covered group) selected in Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center. The research was conducted in the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia in 2012-2019. 8 cultivars of coverd two-row barley selected in Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center were studied. There are new promising cultivars among them: Omskiy 100 (included in the Russian State Register in 2019) and Omskiy 101 (sent to the State Registration Service in 2018). The standard cultivar was Omskiy 95 (2007). The biochemical parameters of grain were determined: protein content, crude fat, starch, husk content. Barley selection from 2000 to 2019 focused on the developing of drought-resistant cultivars, which formed increased productivity and quality of grain in dry and arid periods of vegetation in conditions of optimal moistening. New promising cultivars - Omskiy 100 and Omskiy 101 were characterized by the formation of increased indicators of grain quality and productivity in vegetation periods that were contrasting in climatic characteristics. Due to increased yield and grain quality, cv. Omskiy100 had increased protein (+57.91 kg/ha), starch (+0.3 t/ha) and fat (+11.7 kg/ha) harvest compared to the standard. Cv. Omskiy 101 increased protein harvest by 84.9 kg/ha in comparison to the standard.

scholarly journals ENZYME ACTIVITY OF THE RHIZOSPHERE OF SPRING BARLEY UNDER THE APPLICATION OF FERTILIZERS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTH OF WESTERN SIBERIA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.N. Shuliko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Experimental Error ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The South

The article presents the results of studies of the effect of the fertilizer application on the enzyme activity of the barley rhizosphere in the conditions of the southern forest steppe of Western Siberia. The activity of the catalase enzyme decreased under the application of the studied factors up to 15 %, in comparison to the control. Under the influence of mineral fertilizers, there was a tendency for the increase of urease activity up to 17 %, in comparison to the control. The changes in soil invertase activity under the influence of the studied factors were within the experimental error.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document