field response
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2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Svec ◽  
Osama Kindi ◽  
Marwan Sawafi ◽  
Rouhi Farajzadeh ◽  
Hanaa Al Sulaimani ◽  
...  

Abstract Polymer outage (or polymer injection unavailability) is undesirable but also inevitable. When it happens, the question is how to respond to it to minimize its adverse impact on the production. This paper presents the rationale for generating a polymer outage strategy to operate a polymer flood field in the southern area of the Sultanate of Oman. The work presented here is based on field performance and analytical analysis. The diagnostic plots were created from 10 years of polymer flood field response and were used for this operating decision. The pros and cons of two scenarios were discussed. The selected operational strategy is to minimize the short falls of polymer outage. The strategy was implemented in the field. Simultaneous injection and production pause (SIPP) is recommended for the full field polymer outage. It minimizes the impact on polymer incremental oil and hence less deferment. Calibrated with the actual results, analytical method is used to determine when to shut down and whether a short of buffer period of water can be tolerated before SIPP is carried out. The polymer literature focus on polymer mechanisms, modeling, project initiation and implementation but no paper discusses the operational strategy on how to respond to field polymer outages. This paper shares our operational learnings and the field results of various polymer operation modes on polymer incremental oil. The learning from this field may be of interest to other operators who are planning or currently implementing polymer flood in their fields.


Author(s):  
Yuancheng Luo

AbstractMicrophone and speaker array designs have increasingly diverged from simple topologies due to diversity of physical host geometries and use cases. Effective beamformer design must now account for variation in the array’s acoustic radiation pattern, spatial distribution of target and noise sources, and intended beampattern directivity. Relevant tasks such as representing complex pressure fields, specifying spatial priors, and composing beampatterns can be efficiently synthesized using spherical harmonic (SH) basis functions. This paper extends the expansion of common stationary covariance functions onto the SHs and proposes models for encoding magnitude functions on a sphere. Conventional beamformer designs are reformulated in terms of magnitude density functions and beampatterns along SH bases. Applications to speaker far-field response fitting, cross-talk cancelation design, and microphone beampattern fitting are presented.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2085 (1) ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
Mingrui Wang ◽  
Mei Xu ◽  
Jiangfeng Wang ◽  
Yingying Guo

Abstract With the develofpment of UWB electromagnetic pulse radiation systems, people are paying more and more attention to its serious threat to electronic equipment. The effect of UWB electromagnetic pulse has also become an important content in the field of electromagnetic compatibility. In an UWB radiation system, the distance between the device under test and the transmitting antenna is different, and the radiation field received is also different. Therefore, in actual tests, the test body is often placed at different distances from the antenna to perform multiple measurements to obtain test data as required. Based on this, this article takes the cavity as an example, and proposes a method of using the system transfer function to predict the response of the impulse field inside the cavity to simplify the test and quickly obtain the test data. Firstly, the impulse field response of a certain point with and without a cavity is measured respectively, and then the time domain response is inversely Fourier transformed to obtain the frequency domain transfer function of the test body. Finally, using the transfer function to convolute with the field to be measured, the response of the impulse field inside the cavity can be predicted under the condition of the field to be measured. It is verified by experiments that this method can better predict the response of the impulse field inside the cavity under different distance conditions, and has the characteristics of simple calculation and good prediction effect. At the same time, the transfer function obtained by this method can be used to predict the arbitrary impulse field response of the cavity in its frequency range.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Chen ◽  
Jiayin Che ◽  
Xuejiao Xie ◽  
Shang Wang ◽  
Guoguo Xin ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkaprava Roy ◽  
Sumit Chaturvedi ◽  
Suhita Pyne ◽  
Shiv Vendra Singh ◽  
Govindaraju Kasivelu

Abstract In present study, two enriched biochar-based fertilizers were prepared having fertilizer grade of 6-6-4 N-P2O5-K2O by intercalation of NPK fertilizers mixture solution as EB-1 and additional humic acid and seaweed extract as EB-2. In laboratory, batch experiment were done to compare nutrients (NH4+, NO3−, P and K+) release patterns of developed fertilizers along with conventional fertilizers. Enriched biochar fertilizers (EB) demonstrated much slower release pattern of NH4+, P and K+, however NO3− release was similar over conventional fertilizers. The cumulative release of N in EB fertilizers was similar to conventional fertilizer, however significantly less of P and K were released during the period of 72 hrs. The field response study of enriched fertilizers EB-2 revealed 29.5, 11.5 and 22.9% higher apparent use efficiency than conventional fertilizer. The slow nutrients release behaviour of EB fertilizers implies reduced losses and enhanced NUE as reflected by higher apparent recovery of N, P and K.


Author(s):  
Terry A Wheeler ◽  
Taylor Harris ◽  
Rebecca Bart ◽  
Jason Woodward ◽  
Thomas Isakeit ◽  
...  

From 2015 to 2020, 342 isolates of Xanthomonas citri pv. malvacearum (Xcm) were obtained from cotton fields in Texas, including 64 isolates collected from symptomatic cultivars that were thought to be resistant to race 18 strains of Xcm (the predominant race in the USA). Symptoms on highly resistant cultivars prompted concern that a new race of Xcm was present. The 342 isolates were inoculated on a race 18 susceptible (DP 1747NR B2XF) and race 18 resistant (S295) cotton cultivar and none of the isolates caused blight type symptoms (water soaking and chlorosis) on S295, indicating that the B12 resistant gene was still beneficial for disease management. Four cultivars, varying in their field response to bacterial blight, were inoculated with each of 17 isolates of Xcm and the incidence of plants exhibiting bacterial blight symptoms averaged 87% for DP 1747NR B2XF, 51% for partially susceptible NG 4936 B3XF, 16% for partially resistant DP 1646 B2XF, and 0% for S295. Xcm isolates from Texas (11), Georgia (1) and Oklahoma (1) were sequenced, and their type three effectors (T3Es) were predicted. All isolates (GA, OK, TX) had the same T3E proteins as previously identified Xcm race 18 isolates (tested for 25 genes), including XopJ. Race 1, 2, 3, and 12 of Xcm included in the comparisons were all missing the XopJ gene. Use of cultivars with the B12 gene is an effective strategy to manage bacterial blight of cotton.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhouzhou Song ◽  
Zhao Liu ◽  
Can Xu ◽  
Ping Zhu

Abstract In real-world applications, it is commonplace that the computational models have field responses, i.e., the temporal or spatial fields. It has become a critical task to develop global sensitivity analysis (GSA) methods to measure the effect of each input variable on the full-field. In this paper, a new sensitivity analysis method based on the manifold of feature covariance matrix (FCM) is developed for quantifying the impact of input variables on the field response. The method firstly performs feature extraction on the field response to obtain a low-dimensional FCM. An adaptive feature selection method is proposed to avoid the FCM from singularity. Thereby, the field response is represented by a FCM, which lies on a symmetric positive-definite matrix manifold. Then, the GSA technique based on the Cramér-von Mises distance for output valued on the Riemannian manifold is introduced for estimating the sensitivity indices for field response. An example of a temporal field and an example of a 2-D displacement field are introduced to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method in estimating global sensitivity indices for field solution. Results show that the proposed method can distinguish the important input variables correctly and can yield robust index values. Besides, the proposed method can be implemented for GSA for field responses of different dimensionalities.


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