Evaluación térmica y lumínica en prototipos de cubiertas ligeras, para clima cálido húmedo

The zinc sheet roof is one of the most popular elements in Latin American architecture, and in many other regions with warm humid climates. Creating lighting and thermal alternatives focused on this typology would imply major benefits in the environmental and social fields. This study carried out in Manabí, Ecuador, evaluates three prototypes of light roofs, combining zinc with PVC, in order to determine the correct configuration of translucent material to create environments that are within thermal and lighting parameters. The results indicate that the empirical solutions model has the lowest variation in indoor temperature, with 32.63%, unlike the 32.97% of the cross-type model, and the 34.40% of the side strip model. Additionally, it was seen that the greatest influence of solar radiation on the roof is recorded from 1:00 p.m. to 2 p.m. approximately

Six Sigma Analysis as an Approach to Improve Quality of Corrugated Zinc Sheet Product

Every manufacturing company will strive to create the best quality products. This is also done by PT. CMSM, a steel company, is producing corrugated zinc products. In several production periods, the defective product values were still found that exceeded the tolerance limit value set at 0.5% in corrugated zinc products. These problems are, of course, very detrimental to the company, so it’s essential to control the quality of corrugated zinc products. This study aimed to determine the factors that cause product defects, propose plans to improve product quality, and provide managerial recommendations based on Six Sigma analysis. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. Based on the study results, it is known that DPO is 0.000885 and DPMO is 884.6028. At this time, the company is at the level of 4.64 sigma with CTQ (Critical to Quality) folded zinc sheet, cut size is not according to standard, thickness is not according to standard, uneven coating layer and perforated zinc sheet. Based on the analysis, five factors cause product defects: humans, machines, methods, materials, and the environment. To improve quality, the company should improve their quality control through 5W + 1H analysis, namely by providing training to employees, periodic machine maintenance and ensuring that the SOPs that have been made are implemented correctly and adequately. Keywords: six sigma, DMAIC, product defect, quality control, manufacturing

LOW COST FERROCEMENT COMPOSITE ROOF/FLOOR SYSTEM

This paper, is a part of continuous research, aims to examine the suitability of cast-in-place Ferro cement composite slab as a roof/floor system. This continuous study is mainly based on experimentation. Ferro cement is a combination of cement/sand (1:2.5) mortar, having a compressive strength higher than 30 N/mm², and expanded metal with R6mm bars. Can be formed in any shape not more than 50 mm thickness. Two panels each consist of a 50 mm slab casted over corrugated zinc sheet of 1.0m width and 4.5 m length supported by two rectangle steel pipes, along the long side and spaced at 50 cm. The pipes were connected to the panels by self –drill screws and shear keys. Steel pipes were (120 mm x 50 mm x 1.8 mm) and (100 mm x 50 mm x1.8 mm) for each panel A and B respectively. As cast-in-place technique, the whole floor will be casted in a single day, whereas, precast panels require forms and handling effort. Panels were tested using 50 kg cement bags as a uniform distributed load. The experimental results show that panels have enough strength and can be used within the allowable service deflection limit, as a roof/floor system.

Elaboración Sostenible de Harina de Chile Jalapeño (Capsicum annuum L.) Mediante Secado Solar Tecnificado

Jalapeño pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a crop in protected natural areas of Tabasco, Mexico. Solar drying is a non-polluting energy that is applicable to food processing. This paper focuses on comparing the microbiological quality of dehydrated jalapeño peppers by means of three methods: direct solar (SD), electric stove (EE), and experimental solar dryer (SSE). SD drying was carried out in zinc sheet by conduction. The drying in EE was at a temperature of 70°C and the SSE has an internal temperature of 43 ° C ± 2 ° C. The dehydrated chiles were crushed in artisanal equipment, and the flour was stored in tightly closed glass containers at room temperature (22-28 ° C). The drying time was lower in the EE (7 h), followed by the SSE (8 h) and the SD (18 h). With EE, the lowest microbial load was obtained and with SD, the highest was obtained. The flour obtained with the SSE presented a concentration of microorganisms within the Mexican norms: total coliforms (25 CFU / g), Staphylococcus aureus (62 CFU / g), and aerobic mesophiles (57 CFU / g). Although the drying time and the microbial load were lower with the EE, the SSE allowed the elaboration of jalapeño pepper flour with the microbiological quality required for human consumption. Technified solar drying is a sustainable alternative for the dehydration of foods in tropical countries.