Multi-Mode Active Suspension Control Based on a Genetic K-Means Clustering Linear Quadratic Algorithm

The traditional Linear quadratic regulator (LQR) control algorithm depends too much on expert experience during the selection of weighting coefficients. To solve this problem, we proposed a Genetic K-means clustering Linear quadratic (GKL) algorithm. Firstly, a 2-DOF 1/4 vehicle model and road input model are established. The weights of an LQR controller are optimized using a genetic algorithm. Then, a possible weighting space is constructed based on this optimal solution. Random weighting coefficients of each performance index are generated in this space. Next, LQR control for the 1/4 vehicle model is performed, and the simulation data are recorded automatically, with these random weighting values, different road classes, and driving speed. A machine learning dataset is built from these simulations. Finally, a K-means clustering algorithm is used to classify the LQR control active suspension into three performance modes: safety mode, comprehensive mode, and comfort mode. The optimal weighting matrix of each performance mode is determined to satisfy requirements for different types of drivers. The results show that the new GKL algorithm not only improves the suspension control effect but also realizes different performance modes. It can better adapt to the changes in driving conditions and drivers.

The Strong Law of Large Numbers

This chapter focuses largely on methods of proof of the strong law, building on the fundamental convergence lemma. It covers Kolmogorov's three‐series theorem, strong laws for martingales, and random weighting. Then a range of strong laws are proved for mixingales and for near‐epoch dependent and mixing processes.

Random Number Generator Untuk Bobot Metode Conjugate Gradient Neural Network

This research develops the theory of NN (neural network) by using CG (conjugate gradient) to speed up the process of convergence on a network of NN. CG algorithm is an iterative algorithm to solve simultaneous linear equations on a large scale and it is used to optimize the process of the network on backpropagation. In the process, a Neural netwok doing random weighting on the weight of v and w and this weight will have an effect on the speed of convergence of an algorithm for NN by the method of CG. Furthermore, generating the random numbers to take a sample as a generator in this research of neural network by using uniform distribution (0,1) methods. Therefore, the aims of this research are to improve the convergence on NN weighting using numbers which are generated randomly by the generator and the will be corrected with the CG method.Keywords: neural network, backpropagation, weighting, conjugate gradient

Adaptively Random Weighted Cubature Kalman Filter for Nonlinear Systems

This paper presents a new adaptive random weighting cubature Kalman filtering method for nonlinear state estimation. This method adopts the concept of random weighting to address the problem that the cubature Kalman filter (CKF) performance is sensitive to system noise. It establishes random weighting theories to estimate system noise statistics and predicted state and measurement together with their associated covariances. Subsequently, it adaptively adjusts the weights of cubature points based on the random weighting estimations to improve the prediction accuracy, thus restraining the disturbances of system noises on state estimation. Simulations and comparison analysis demonstrate the improved performance of the proposed method for nonlinear state estimation.