Congenital anomalies of the bladder: world and national data

Introduction. Congenital anomalies of the bladder are relatively rare, characterized by a wide variety of possible variants and a frequent combination with other malformations. These anomalies lead to serious consequences and necessitate early adequate medical and diagnostic assistance to such patients. With this in mind, this lecture was devoted to a review of current approaches to the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of potential complications associated with bladder abnormalities. The main part. The following malformations of the bladder were considered as the main options: anomalies of the urachus; agenesis of the bladder; hypoplasia of the bladder; megacystis; bladder duplication; diverticulum of the bladder; bladder exstrophy; bladder neck contracture. At the same time all the variants of bladder anomalies under consideration were illustrated by the data of radiation diagnostic methods or images of the appearance of such observations. Conclusions. The presented material can be recommended for use in the practice of medical specialists of various profiles, in the educational process of medical universities in the preparation of students of various specialties, highly qualified personnel in residency programs and scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school, in postgraduate training of doctors in advanced training programs and professional retraining in the specialty "Urology", as well as in research institutions during scientific research.

Large duplicated gallbladder: a rare congenital anomaly

Gall bladder duplication is a rare congenital anomaly, which may be asymptomatic or may present with disorders similar to that of a single gall bladder. The finding is important due to its association with biliary ductal and hepatic arterial anatomical variations, which may lead to inadvertent complications during laparoscopic surgery. We present a case of duplicated gallbladder with one of the gall bladder appearing large, elongated and coiled, without signs of cholelithiasis / cholecystitis. MRCP was helpful in tracing the two cystic ducts. This case emphasizes on importance of pre-operative anatomical delineation with MRCP in unsuspecting cases in order to minimize the incidence of post surgical complications.