Interrelation of CCM (Steel Billet Continuous Casting Machine) Tube Steel Casting Parameters and Hot-Rolled Plate Quality

The quality of the hot-rolled plate up to 36 mm thick was estimated by the percentage of rolled products, sorted due to the presence of a surface defect "Non-metallic inclusions", and internal defects, detected by ultrasonic plate control. The analysis of the data on the total sorting of hot-rolled plates demonstrated that the amount of sorting differs significantly on the melting from which each series of tubular metal casting commenced, compared to all the other melting in the series. The sorting of the sheets rolled from the metal of the first in a series of melting proved to be 1.9 times higher than that of the metal of all other melts. The main reason (in 68% of cases) of sorting is the presence of non-metallic inclusions on the surface of the plates. The effect of sorting of hot-rolled plates on non-metallic inclusions of various parameters has been studied: the duration of the intermediate ladle-heating; the length of time from the end of the heating of the intermediate ladle, prior to the beginning of the casting; lining temperatures of the intermediate ladle before the beginning of casting; duration of filling the intermediate ladle; the filling rate of the intermediate ladle with metal; mass of metal in the intermediate ladle before the beginning of casting into the crystallizer; chemical composition of metal; overheating of the metal over the liquidus point at the beginning, middle and end of the casting. On the sorting of flat products for non-metallic inclusions, of all the parameters considered, a statistically significant effect is due only to the overheating of the metal above the liquidus point, which varies in the range from 19 to 35 ° C. In order to obtain an acceptable quality of both the surface of slabs and the surface of hot-rolled plates for non-metallic inclusions, the first in a series of melts recommends overheating of the metal in the intermediate ladle above the liquidus temperature of 30-35 ° C.

Selection of refractory concrete for batching nozzles of an intermediate ladle of continuous casting machine

The paper presents experimental research on selection of refractory concrete for the glass dosing promove in continuous casting of steel. In the experiments we consider three types of refractory concrete determined by their basic thermal properties using standard methods and the selected refractory concrete with the best performance. The batcher glass was manufactured and tested in production conditions, which showed good results in continuous casting of steel.

MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF ARGON IN A TUNDISH WITH A MOLTEN METAL DURING FILLING

The article is devoted to the mathematical description of the process of filling an intermediate ladle (tundish) with argon, which is blown into the melt stream falling from the steel casting ladle, which is common at metallurgical plants. Metallurgical plants use an intermediate ladle to reliably supply a continuous casting machine for the melt. Also important for the tundish is the removal of non-metallic inclusions using argon. The good distribution of argon bubbles in the tundish significantly influences the removal of unwanted melt components such as hydrogen and nitrogen. Given the need for gas to escape, the melt speed in the intermediate ladle should be sufficiently low, especially near outflow holes, where melt needs to be homogeneous and slow for a high–quality casting. Conducting experiments during the operation of a metallurgical plant is undesirable, costly and is accompanied by difficulties associated with high temperature and opacity of the melt. Therefore, the experiments are often carried out in laboratories on the so-called cold models, where the melt is replaced by water, argon – by air, and the tundish – by the transparent container of the rectangular shape under the conditions of similarity. Despite the obvious advantages of such cold modeling, today most experiments are still conducted on mathematical models, which are a much cheaper and low-erroneous way of predicting the development of a given process under different conditions. Mathematical modeling of melt motion helps to select the optimal geometry of the tundish, as well as the required amount of argon and usefulness of barriers on a way of melt streams. The article proposes to use the convection-diffusion equation for the argon field and the Navier-Stokes equations – for the velocity field. The numerical solution using finite volume method is well tested and provides sufficient accuracy. In addition, this method is easily parallelized to speed up computing on modern multi-core processors. A graphical user interface software application allows you to display the status of the system on the screen for further review and adoption decisions.

The effect of the design of the metal receiver slab continuous casting machine on the movement of metal in the intermediate ladle when the metal stream deviates from the desired position. Part I. Formulation of the problem

The article is devoted to assessing the effect of the design of the metal receiver in the intermediate ladle of the large capacity slab continuous casting machine on reducing the turbulence of flows when the metal stream deviates from the required position during casting. The results of computer simulation of industrial variants of displacement of a stream of metal from a steel pouring ladle to an intermediate ladle from the target input point are presented. The distribution of metal flows in the tundish is compared with different designs of metal receivers. Recommendations are given for reducing flow turbulence for the cases considered. Ill. 6. Ref. 5.

The effect of the design of the metal receiver slab continuous casting machine on the movement of metal in the intermediate ladle when the metal stream deviates from the desired position. Part III. Research results

The article is devoted to assessing the influence of the design of a metal receiver in an intermediate ladle of large capacity slab continuous casting machines on reducing turbulence in flows when the metal stream deviates from the required position during casting. The results of computer simulation of industrial variants of displacing a stream of metal from a steel pouring ladle to an intermediate ladle from the target input point are presented. The distribution of metal flows in the tundish is compared with different designs of metal receivers. Recommendations are given for reducing flow turbulence for the cases considered. Ill. 5. Ref. 3.

The effect of the design of the metal receiver slab CCM on the movement of metal in the intermediate carpet with a deviation of the metal stream from the desired position. Part II Modeling technique

The article is devoted to assessing the influence of the design of a metal receiver in an intermediate ladle of large capacity slab continuous casting machines on reducing turbulence in flows when the metal stream deviates from the required position during casting. The results of computer simulation of industrial variants of displacing a stream of metal from a steel pouring ladle to an intermediate ladle from the target input point are presented. The distribution of metal flows in the tundish is compared with different designs of metal receivers. Recommendations are given for reducing flow turbulence for the cases considered. Ill. 4. Ref. 2.

Development and implementation of an innovative metal receiver for the intermediate ladles of caster slab

The features of the working conditions of intermediate ladles of caster slab are considered on the example of the 27-ton units of the oxygen-converter workshop of PJSC «Severstal». The results of mathematical modeling of hydrodynamics in an intermediate ladle with different turbulence dampers of the incoming jet are given. Designed, patented and implemented metal receiver (brand REYNSTREAM / REINSTREAM®) with a wave-like inner surface, designed to improve the quality of continuously cast billets, as well as providing increased stability and processability of the continuous casting process through a special design.. Ill. 6. Ref. 7.

Development of technology for lining steel-tapping hole of steel-teeming ladles with the use of nesting well blocks

At OJSC «BSW – Management Company of Holding «BMC» were tested nesting well blocks for lining of steel-tapping hole of steel-teeming ladles ЭСПЦ-1, 2 with the working lining of piece goods. In the conditions of the enterprise during the full campaign of the working lining of steel ladles, intermediate repair of the slag belt, bottom blowing units and the steel-tapping holes is carried out. The steel-tapping hole is used to release steel from the steel ladle into the intermediate ladle. The purpose of the tests is to replace the «traditional» filling of the steel outlet with refractory concrete manually by molded nesting wellblocks due to the reduced risk of accident due to the lack of probability of metal «penetration» into the concrete, as well as reducing the volume and duration of repair of the working lining of steel ladles.

The combination of the steel teeming process and the refractory outfit design of the billet caster's pouring ladle‒intermediate ladle system

The refractory outft of the steel-teeming ladle (STL)‒ metal jet (MJ)‒intermediate ladle (IL) was regarded in the article for the billet continuous casters (CCM). The metal flow management was investigated for this system. The peculiarities of the CCM element's design were noticed which provided the efcient flow of the teeming metal in the STK‒MJ‒CCM system. This investigation enabled both the successful steel flow formation in the receiving chamber (RC) of the billet CCM and the improvement of the metal quality while the amount of the discarded continuous steel cast billets got down.Ill.4. Ref. 20.

Improvement of the metal casting process and refractory equipment design in the intermediate ladle ‒ open jet ‒ the continuous billet caster mold's installation

The steel flow and refractory arrangement of the intermediate ladle (IL) ‒ open jet (OJ) ‒ continuous casting machine (CCM) mold's installation are regarded in the article. The specifics of the metal flow controlling are mentioned. The structural features of the continuous billet caster which maintain the effective metal flowing through the IL ‒ OJ ‒ CCM mold installation are presented. The improving of the installation design allows the expedient metal flows and provides the billets' quality upgrading.