Property development activities: value creation or distraction for REITs?

PurposeThis paper examines the evolution and impact of property development activities on REIT performance. The paper provides insights on whether REITs should venture into property development in addition to their core-business of holding income producing properties.Design/methodology/approachThis paper charts and highlights the evolution of development activities of US REITs from 1992 to 2020. The Tobin's Q of property developing REITs and non-property developing REITs are compared using univariate analysis.FindingsDevelopment activities of US REITs grew dramatically during the run up to global financial crisis (GFC) in 2008. The level of development activities has dropped since the GFC and it has not return to its pre-crisis peak. In comparison, development activities of listed property investment companies and homebuilders are less volatile over the same period. The data reveals that property developing REITs enjoy significantly higher Tobin's Q as compared to their non-developing counterparts.Practical implicationsOur graphical evidence from a market without development restriction suggests that development restriction in other REIT regimes has it value in limit REITs' excessive risk-taking tendency during a booming property market. The positive relationship between Tobin's Q and the existence of property development activity support the value creation of this business activity to REITs.Originality/valueThis paper raises overbuilding as a potential cause of the underperformance of the REIT sector during the GFC.

GENDER DIVERSITY ON BOARD AND ITS RELEVANCE TO FIRM PERFORMANCE: A STUDY ON PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY OF BANGLADESH

The study tries to examine the relationship between gender diversity on the Board and firms' profitability in Bangladesh's Pharmaceutical industry. The study employs a panel data approach with all the Pharmaceutical companies listed under Dhaka Stock Exchanges. The sample period covers eight years from 2012-2019. To conduct the study, Return on Equity and Tobin's Q was taken as a proxy of accounting measure of profitability and market measure of profitability, respectively. The proportion of women on board structure was taken as a proxy for gender diversity. Some other variables: board size, firm age, leverage, and firm size, were incorporated to control the effect of these variables on profitability. The study reveals that gender diversity shows a positive but insignificant relationship with the firm's performance in terms of ROE. The R square of this model was 11.67%. In terms of Tobin's Q, gender diversity exhibited a significant positive relationship with firm performance. The R square of this model was 17%. This implies that the market ascribes a great value to the inclusion of women in board structure since it increases the board structure's independence and profitability.

PENGARUH INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL TERHADAP KINERJA PERUSAHAAN STUDI PADA PERUSAHAAN YANG TERMASUK DALAM INDEX SAHAM SYARIAH INDONESIA DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh bukti empiris mengenai pengaruh Intellectual Capital terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Penelitianini menggunakan Value Added Intellectual Coefficients (VAICTM) Model-Pulic untuk menguji hubungan antara modal intelektual dankinerja perusahaan. Kinerja perusahaan dalam penelitian ini diproksikan dengan ROA dan Tobin’s Q. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan sektor industri barang konsumsi yang termasuk dalam Indeks Saham Syariah Indonesia di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2017-2019. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 33 perusahaan, sehingga diperoleh 99 data perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan secara parsial intellectual capital berpengaruh terhadap ROA dan sebaliknya intellectual capital tidak berpengaruh terhadap Tobin’s Q.

Penyebaran Kepemilikan, Likuiditas, dan Nilai Perusahaan: Bukti Dari Indonesia

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki hubungan antara penyebaran kepemilikan, likuiditas, dan nilai perusahaan menggunakan sampel dari 225 Perusahaan pada kondisi pasar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (“BEI”) sejak 2014 hingga 2019. Penelitian ini menguji penyebaran kepemilikan yang diukur dengan free float, likuiditas sebagai diukur dengan Amihud Illiquidity, nilai perusahaan yang diukur dengan Tobin's Q, dan total aset, rasio laba operasi terhadap harga, rasio leverage keuangan, laba operasi terhadap aset, relative bid-ask spread, turnover, depth, tingkat pengembalian saham, dan tingkat pengembalian aset sebagai variabel kontrol. Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel, yang merupakan kombinasi data cross-section dan time-series dari datastream Thomson Reuters. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa free float berhubungan negatif dengan likuiditas saham dan nilai perusahaan sedangkan likuiditas saham berhubungan positif dengan nilai perusahaan. Temuan kami tidak hanya konsisten dengan beberapa penelitian sebelumnya dalam kaitannya dengan penyebaran kepemilikan yang memiliki hubungan negatif antara Tobin's Q dan penyebaran kepemilikan yang berdampak negatif terhadap likuiditas saham, tetapi juga dapat berfungsi sebagai pengingat bagi investor bahwa saham yang likuid mungkin tidak memberikan pengembalian yang positif

PENGARUH AGENCY COST TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN BUMN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

Agency problem timbul akibat adanya perbedaan kepentingan antara agen dan prinsipal. Kepemilikan saham pada perusahaan BUMN yang terkonsentrasi pada kepemilikan pemerintah sebagai prinsipal cenderung memungkinkan terjadinya agency problem yang lebih besar. Agency problem akan menimbulkan biaya yang harus ditanggung oleh perusahaan yang disebut agency cost. Pengukuran tingkat agency cost pada penelitian ini menggunakan expense ratio dan total turnover ratio. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh agency cost terhadap nilai perusahaan BUMN yang diproksikan dengan rasio Tobin’s Q.

AGGREGATE AND DISAGGREGATE MEASURES OF OPERATING AND NON-OPERATING WORKING CAPITAL INFLUENCE ON FIRM PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM MALAYSIA

The study is aimed at investigating the following issues: firstly, whether the different types of working capital, namely operating and non-operating working capital influence the short-term (return on assets) and long-term (Tobin’s Q) firm performance differently, and secondly whether the different measures of operating working capital, namely disaggregated and aggregated (cash conversion cycle) operating working capital, influence the short-term (return on assets) and long-term (Tobin’s Q) firm performance differently. It uses the panel data of 208 listed non-financial firms in Malaysia covering the period from 2013 to 2017, and the data has been sourced from Datastream. It employs the panel corrected standard errors regression model. The study has found that quicker sale of inventory increased both the short-term and long-term performance of the firm. Likewise, faster collection of receivables increased the long-term, but not short- term, performance. However, prompter payment of payables increased both the short-term and long-term performance. The study has also found that the disaggregated working capital measures – inventory, receivables, and payables contributed to a more nuanced influence of working capital on performance, compared to the aggregated working capital. The study has provided novel evidence that– higher non- operating working capital increased firm performance.

Carbon Performance, Company Financial Performance, Financial Value And Transmission Channel: An Analysis of South African Listed Companies

This article examines the influence of carbon performance on corporate financial performance and company financial value among South African listed firms for the period 2014 to 2018 using a two-step GMM panel process. The short-run findings show that carbon performance develops a positive and significant association with return on assets, firm value and Tobin’s Q. In the long run, the relationship between carbon performance and return on assets as well as firm value is significantly negative; however, the link with Tobin’s Q remains positively significant. Where carbon performance is employed as the dependent parameter, a positive, significant relationship is established with return on assets, firm value and Tobin’s Q in both the short and long run. The findings also demonstrate that carbon performance is a transmission channel whereby the debt-to-equity ratio, interest cover ratio, price to cash flow ratio and current ratio improve corporate financial performance and firm value in the long run. In the short run, the regression analysis frameworks produce mixed findings on whether carbon performance is a transmission channel. Policy recommendations are made based on the findings.

Analisis Pengaruh Tata Kelola Perusahaan Dan Struktur Modal Terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan

This paper aims to examine the company's performance problems as measured by book or market value by analyzing the proportion of executive directors, proportion of independent directors, board size, female directors, audit committee meetings, institutional investors, and the company's capital structure. This study uses the company's assets and capital as control variables. The paper object consists of 382 companies excluding the financial sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2020. The study used purposive sampling techniques in collecting the research data. Data is processed using multiple regression methods with SPSS and Eviews statistical applications. The results showed that executive directors, independent directors, female directors, audit committee meetings, and institutional investors had no significant effect on ROA or Tobin's Q. While the board size proved to have a significantly positive relationship to Tobin's Q but not significantly related to ROA. On the other hand, the capital structure proved to be significantly negatively associated with ROA but significantly positively related to Tobin's Q.

Convex-concave effect of financial flexibility on hospitality performance: quantile regression approach

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of financial flexibility (FF) on enterprise performance (EP) within Taiwan’s hospitality industry during the COVID-19 shock and explore whether EP varies with hospitality industry characteristics. Design/methodology/approach Secondary data of 39 Taiwan Stock Exchange-listed hospitality firms were collected from the Taiwan Economic Journal databases. Quantile regression analysis was applied to examine the FF-EP relationship Findings The results evidence that there is a U-shaped (convex) FF-EP relationship for hospitality firms in the 10th, 25th and 50th Tobin’s Q quantiles and in asset-heavy firms. For asset-light firms, FF has an inverted U-shaped (concave) effect on EP in the 90th Tobin’s Q quantile Practical implications The empirical results highlight the need for Taiwan’s hospitality industry as a whole to take rolling adjustment and optimization of FF and concentrate on liquidity risk management after the COVID-19 pandemic and for long-term sustainability. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the first to examine the nonlinear FF-EP relationship in the hospitality industry of Taiwan, particularly amid the COVID-19 shock. Moreover, this study extends current literature by revealing the hospitality industry’s FF-EP relationship and highlights the importance of the pandemic crisis context.