Pulsed high-current discharge in water: adiabatic model of expanding plasma channel and acoustic wave

This paper presents the results of a theoretical and experimental study of the use of a pulsed discharge in water to obtain a strong acoustic wave in a liquid medium. A discharge with a current amplitude of 10 kA, a duration of 400 ns, and an amplitude pulsed power of 280 MW in water at atmospheric pressure created an expanding acoustic wave with an amplitude of more than 100 MPa. To describe the formation of the discharge channel, an isothermal plasma model has been developed, which made it possible to calculate both the expansion dynamics of a high-current channel and the strong acoustic wave generated by it. Our calculations show that the number density of plasma in the channel reaches 10^20 cm^(–3), while the degree of water vapour ionization is about 10%, and the channel wall extends with a velocity of 500 m/s. The calculations for the acoustic wave are in good agreement with measurements

Picosecond high-current discharge pumping of gaseous media emitting VUV-UV

The possibility of creating small picosecond lasers in the VUV-UV spectral range by pumping by a high-current volume discharge of gaseous media (Xe and N2) at a pressure of 1-3 atm is investigated. Generation of picosecond (200 ps) powerful (1.2 MW) pulses at a wavelength of 337 nm at an N2 pressure of 1–3 atm has been achieved. Based on studies of high-current volume picosecond discharges in xenon, using VUV-UV spectroscopy, the presence of short-lived absorption of VUV radiation by discharge plasma was observed. A mechanism for the suppression of the formation of Xe 2 * dimers due to thermal effects at the stage of recombination of electrons with Xe+ ions at a plasma temperature of 105 K with a pulsed pump of 200 ps duration was suggested.

Formation of plasma jets by a high-current discharge in metal vapor

Plasma sources based on high-current discharges (up to 20 kA) in vapors of an aluminum electrode material with initiation over the ceramic surface are investigated. Plasma flows with a divergence angle ≤ 20° and a pulse pressure of ~ 106 Pa were obtained. A design of a crowbar spark gap based on a plasma switch with developed plasma sources built into a magnetically insulated transmission line has been proposed and tested. A crowbar mode is implemented in the transmission line with a current of a mega-ampere level with a cut-off of the load circuit from the megajoule generator GIT-12 for the period of discharge of the Marx generator.

IMPLEMENTATION OF IOT ON VEHICLE PAYLOAD MONITORING

The continuous development and evolution of electric vehicle causes the electric car manufacturers to face new challenges. Now, the lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electric vehicles which has high current discharge rate. During overloading, electric motor draws large amount of current which leads to degradation in battery life and overheating. Most of the time, the user is unaware of vehicle loading. This paper discusses the method to overcome this issue by estimating vehicle load on real time and alerting the use of vehicle. Using load cell to measure the data and send the data to the cloud by means of Amazon Web Services (AWS). When the vehicle is overloaded, a notification sent to the user. Realtime loading data is shown on dashboard. Using evolving Technologies like IoT makes easy to storing the data on cloud. This enables service engineers to evaluate and improve vehicle, based on working conditions for future needs. This can also be used for future needs like reliable range prediction of electric vehicle and autonomous vehicle driving system.