Automatic Reading Algorithm of Substation Dial Gauges Based on Coordinate Positioning

With the development of science and technology, inspection robots have attracted more and more attention, and research on the automatic reading of pointer instruments through inspection robots has become particularly valuable. Aiming at the problems of uneven illumination, complex dial background and damping fluid interference of the collected instrument images, this paper proposes a dial gauge reading algorithm based on coordinate positioning. First, the multi-scale retinex with color restoration (MSRCR) is applied to improve the uneven illumination of the image. Second, a circle detection algorithm based on the arc-support line segment is proposed to detect the disc to obtain the coordinate of the center and radius of the circle. Then, a pointerless template is used to obtain the pointer, and the concentric circle algorithm is applied to locate the refined pointer. Finally, the automatic reading is calculated using the relative position of the pointer and the zero scale. The experimental results prove that the proposed algorithm can accurately locate the center of the circle and the pointer and obtain readings automatically.

Study on Intelligent Image Recognition of Non-linear Short Pointer SF6 Meter Readings

Currently widely used SF6 inflatable equipment pressure gauge are short pointer and the pointer is not connected to the center of the dial (non-linear pointer), The position of the hands on this dial cannot be identified using traditional computer vision techniques. In order to solve the problem, This paper proposes a method for SF6 pressure gauge pointer and reading recognition based on digital image processing and Mask-RCNN neural network image segmentation technology. The method first pre-processes the SF6 pressure gauge image and Canny edge detection, while using Mask-RCNN network to extract the pointer feature information and scale feature information, and uses the SF6 pressure gauge pointer feature and scale feature to calculate the pressure gauge reading. The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified through the scale identification of 180 short pointer SF6 pressure meters actually operated in a 220kV substation with 100% accuracy.

An Anatomy of Signs

Informational signs (infosigns) are signs of complete states of affairs and are, as such, members of infosign systems or families. They are always articulate, containing variant and invariant aspects, and their families are often productive, containing variables drawn from nondenumerable classes. Every sign in an infosign family can be derived from any other by a substitution of arguments for its variable or variables. Without yet offering a definition of “infosign,” many kinds of examples are given. Variable elements of infosigns correspond to their signified elements by a variety of kinds of mapping rules. “Absolute-” and “relative-reflexive” infosign elements, “isosign” elements, “names,” and “roaming names” are described. The sign that is a gas gauge reading exemplifies elements of all of these types at once.

AN OVERVIEW OF DROUGHT ANALYSIS: ASSESSING DROUGHT SEVERITY BASED ON FLUCTUATION IN RAINFALL TREND BY STANDARD PRECIPITATION INDEX FOR SHIVAMOGGA DISTRICT

The Standard precipitation index expresses the actual rainfall as a standardized departure with respect to rainfall probability distribution function and hence the index has gained importance in recent years as a potential job indicator permitting comparison across space and time. The computation of SPI requires long term data on precipitation. Droughts are hydro metrological events affecting vast regions and causing significant structural and non-structural damages. Drought predictions may prevent these type of adverse consequences to a significant extant. This work regarding the drought analysis by assessing the drought severity based on fluctuation in rainfall trend by standard precipitation index for Shivamogga district by 30years rainfall data from rain gauge reading of different station in different Taluk of Shivamogga district.

Using literature circles in the ESL college classroom: A lesson from Puerto Rico

<em></em><strong></strong><p align="center"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>This paper will use data collected from a case study of a basic English course at the University of Puerto Rico where literature circles were used to promote understanding of a novel dealing with issues of race, class and privilege. The article will trace both the implementation of the literature circles and the use of students’ first language to facilitate the reading of <em>The</em> <em>Boy Without a Flag </em>by Abraham Rodríguez Jr. Special attention will be paid to the use of literature circles to promote student participation, both orally and in written form, as well as in discussion of topics relevant to students. Furthermore, such implementation of literature circles in the classroom provided students with diversity, self-choice and student initiative, as they worked together to mediate meaning and discuss what they felt was important. Findings suggest that students benefited from the use of their first language, since it served as a cognitive tool that allowed them to collaboratively scaffold while also enabling the instructor to gauge reading comprehension. Moreover, selecting a text whose content tapped into students’ funds of knowledge promoted classroom participation about topics and issues students deemed relevant both inside and outside the English classroom.</p><p><em>Key words: literature circles, ESL, adult learners, mother tongue, relevancy</em></p><p align="center"><strong>Resumen</strong></p><p>El artículo utilizará datos recopilados a través de una monografía llevada a cabo en un curso de Inglés básico en la Universidad de Puerto Rico, donde se incorporaron círculos literarios para promover la comprensión de una novela que trata sobre los conceptos de raza, clase y privilegio. El artículo trazará la implementación de círculos literarios y el uso del primer idioma de los estudiantes para facilitar la lectura del libro <em>The</em> <em>Boy Without a Flag </em>por Abraham Rodríguez Jr. Se prestará atención especial al uso de círculos literarios para promover participación por parte de los estudiantes, tanto escrita como oral, así como en la discusión de temas relevantes para los estudiantes. Además, dicha implementación de círculos literarios en el salón proveyó oportunidades de diversidad, libre elección e iniciativa para los estudiantes mientras estos trabajaban juntos para mediar significado y discutir lo que a estos le parecía más importante. Los resultados sugieren que los estudiantes fueron beneficiados al utilizar su primer idioma, ya que este sirvió como una herramienta cognoscitiva que les permitió practicar andamiaje colectivo mientras permitió al instructor medir comprensión de lectura. Por último, seleccionar un texto que conecta con los fondos de conocimiento de los estudiantes promovió participación y discusión grupal de temas y asuntos que los estudiantes consideraron relevantes tanto dentro como fuera del salón.</p><p><em>Palabras claves: círculos literarios, ESL, estudiantes adultos, primer idioma, relevancia</em><strong></strong></p><p><em><br /></em></p>

The effects of temperature, humidity, and barometric pressure on short-sprint race times

A numerical model of 100 m and 200 m world class sprinting performances is modified using standard hydrodynamic principles to include effects of air temperature, pressure, and humidity levels on aerodynamic drag. The magnitude of the effects are found to be dependent on wind speed. This implies that differing atmospheric conditions can yield slightly different corrections for the same wind-gauge reading. In the absence of wind, temperature is found to induce the largest variation in times (0.01 s per 10°C increment in the 100 m), while relative humidity contributes the least (under 0.01 s for all realistic conditions for 100 m). Barometric pressure variations at a particular venue can also introduce fluctuations in performance times on the order of a 0.01 s for this race. The combination of all three variables is essentially additive, and is more important for head-wind conditions that for tail-winds. As expected, calculated corrections in the 200 m are magnified due to the longer duration of the race. The overall effects of these factors on sprint times can be considered a ``second order'' adjustment to previous methods that rely strictly on a venue's physical elevation, but can become important in extreme conditions.PACS Nos.: 01.80, 02.60L