A Significant Role of MoO3 on the Optical, Thermal, and Radiation Shielding Characteristics of B2O3-P2O5 -Li2O Glasses

Glasses based on borophosphate with the formula 42.5P2O5 – 42.5B2O3 – (15-x) Li2O – xMoO3 mol% where 𝑥 = (0 ≤ 𝑥 ≥ 15) were manufactured using the melt-quenching methodology. The status of prepared samples wasidentified by (XRD). The temperature of the glass transition Tg, the temperature of onset glass crystallisation Tc and the temperature of the crystallisation Tp were evaluated using a differential thermal analyser (DTA). The energy gap (𝐸𝑜𝑝𝑡), Urbach (𝐸𝑢), and parameters of dispersion were calculated through the data of optical spectra. Physical properties were determined and calculated, such as molar refractivity, metallization, electron polarizability, electronegativity, loss of reflection and dispersion parameters. Raising MoO3 at the expense of Li2O was used to assess the level of protection. For radiation protection applications, the glasses under investigation had superior characteristics.

TG/DTA-FTIR Study on Total Resource Recovery from Tetra Pak Waste by Pyrolysis under a CO2 Environment

Pyrolysis of Tetra Pak waste under CO2 was investigated using a thermogravimetric/differential thermal analyser coupled with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Experimental results showed that cellulose was decomposed between 270 and 390 °C, leading to the formation of aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and levoglucosan. Thermal cracking of polyethylene occurred between 440 and 530 °C and the main products were aliphatic hydrocarbons. CO can be produced by the gasification of pyrolytic char by CO2 at temperatures ranging from 860–970 °C. Aluminium (Al) foil remained in a “thin layer shape” despite melting above 660 °C. CaO was generated from the decomposition of CaCO3 used as a paper filler at 722 °C. The reaction between CaO and the CO2 atmosphere during the cooling process led to the formation of new CaCO3 which was the main component of ash after gasification and was easy to separate from Al foil.

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF COMPLEX DIAQUADIHYDANTOIN NICKEL(II) SULFAT MONOHIDRAT)

<p>The purpose of the research is to find out the synthesis, formula and characteristic of complex of Nickel(II) with hydantoin (hyd). Complex of nickel(II) with hydantoin have been synthesized in 1 : 1 mole ratio of metal to ligan in methanol.The formula of complex which are predicted from analysis of % Ni in complex by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) is Ni(hyd)₂(H₂O)₃.SO₄. Ratio of cation and anion of complex is measured by conductivitymeter correspond to 1: 1. The thermal analysis is determined by Differential Thermal Analyser (DTA) indicate that complex contain some hydrate, thus possibility formula of complex is [Ni(hyd)₂(H₂O)₂]SO₄.H₂O (Diaquadihydantoinnikel(II) sulfat monohidrat). Data of infra red spectra show a shift of N-H group and tertier N group 138 absorption and indicate this functional group coordinated to the center ion. Magnetic Suscepbility measurement show that the complex is paramagnetic with μ_eff = 3.2 BM. The UV-Vis spectra appear do to 2 transition peak on λ = 740 nm (13,513 cm^-1) and 405 nm (24,691 cm^-1). The peak indicate that structure of complex is octahedral with transition ³A_2g→ ³T_1g(P)(ν₂) andtransition ³A_2g → ³T_1g(F)(ν₃). One peak which is not appear is transition ³A_2g → ³T_2g (F)(ν₁) which also estimate of 10 Dq (Δ₀) is 103.615 kJ mol^-1.</p>

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF COMPLEX DIAQUADIHYDANTOIN NICKEL(II) SULFAT MONOHIDRAT)

<p>The purpose of the research is to find out the synthesis, formula and characteristic of complex of Nickel(II) with hydantoin (hyd). Complex of nickel(II) with hydantoin have been synthesized in 1 : 1 mole ratio of metal to ligan in methanol.The formula of complex which are predicted from analysis of % Ni in complex by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) is Ni(hyd)₂(H₂O)₃.SO₄. Ratio of cation and anion of complex is measured by conductivitymeter correspond to 1: 1. The thermal analysis is determined by Differential Thermal Analyser (DTA) indicate that complex contain some hydrate, thus possibility formula of complex is [Ni(hyd)₂(H₂O)₂]SO₄.H₂O (Diaquadihydantoinnikel(II) sulfat monohidrat). Data of infra red spectra show a shift of N-H group and tertier N group 138 absorption and indicate this functional group coordinated to the center ion. Magnetic Suscepbility measurement show that the complex is paramagnetic with μ_eff = 3.2 BM. The UV-Vis spectra appear do to 2 transition peak on λ = 740 nm (13,513 cm^-1) and 405 nm (24,691 cm^-1). The peak indicate that structure of complex is octahedral with transition ³A_2g→ ³T_1g(P)(ν₂) andtransition ³A_2g → ³T_1g(F)(ν₃). One peak which is not appear is transition ³A_2g → ³T_2g (F)(ν₁) which also estimate of 10 Dq (Δ₀) is 103.615 kJ mol^-1.</p>

Thermal and Structural Properties of Erbium/Neodymium Co-Doped Lithium-Magnesium-Tellurite Glass

Detailed characterizations of inorganic glasses via optimized rare earth doping/co-doping are challenging. Tellurite glasses with composition (78-x)TeO2-10Li2O-10MgO-2Nd2O3-xEr2O3, (where x = 0.4 to 2.0 mol%) are prepared by melt-quenching technique. The effects of Er2O3 concentration on the thermal stability and structural properties are examined. The X-ray diffraction pattern confirms the glassy nature of all samples. The temperature of glass transition (Tg), crystallization (Tc), melting (Tm) and the difference (Tc-Tg) are determined by differential thermal analyser (DTA). The values of Tc, Tg and Tm are found to vary in the range of 419-430 °C, 300-345 °C and 885-890 °C, respectively. The glass sample with 0.4 mol% Er2O3 shows highest thermal stability. The FTIR spectra measured in the range of 400 - 4000 cm1 exhibits two major absorption peaks around 1600 - 3600 cm1 and 900 - 1200 cm1 assigned to the stretching vibrational mode of OH and Te-OH respectively. Improvements in the optical and thermal properties due to co-doping may be useful for the development of tellurite glass based photonics.

Synthesis and Characterization of Silver-Coated Copper Powder Layer

This paper presents the process of preparing spherical silver-coated copper powder with a silver content of 30-50%, using chemical reduction and by adjusting the silver-coating process. By means of SEM, XRD, grain size analyser, digital ohmmeter and differential thermal analyser, the surface topology, structure and conductivity of silver-coated copper powder and raw copper powder are characterised. The results show that the spherical silver-coated copper powder has superior compact surface, complete coverage, a coated layer reaching a thickness of 336nm and excellent conductivity and anti-oxidation property.