Evaluation of Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effect of Ethanolic Leaves Extract of Centratherum anthelminticum (L) Kuntze against STZ Induced Diabetic Rats

Objective: To evaluate the Antidiabetic & Antihyperlipidemic effect of Centratherum Anthelminticum (L) Kuntze extract against STZ induced diabetic rats. Methods: The present study examined the influence of Centratherum Anthelminticum extract (CASE), on blood glucose level and antioxidant enzymes level in STZ induced diabetic rats. The possible effects of chronic administration of the extract on the fasting serum glucose, insulin, and total cholesterol and triglycerides levels in STZ-induced diabetic rats were also evaluated. Results: The extracts showed a marked Antidiabetic & Antihyperlipidemic effect. Centratherum anthelminticum ethanolic seeds extract is capable of exhibiting glycemic control through its inhibitory effect on glycogenolytic enzyme glycogen phosphorylase, gluconeogenic enzymes such as glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1, 6-bis phosphatase and stimulatory effect on hexokinase, which is the key enzyme in the glycolytic pathway. Antihyperlipidemic activity of Centratherum anthelminticum ethanolic seeds extract proved by restoration of altered lipid profile Conclusions: The results of the study indicate that the extract of Centratherum anthelminticum possesses strong antidiabetic & antihyperlipidemic activity. This study also describes therapeutic effect of Centratherum anthelminticum in diabetes which will give a new direction for the future scientific research. Keywords: Diabetes, Centratherum anthelminticum, Pharmacological, Antidiabetic, Antihyperlipidemic

ISOLATION AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF VOLATILE OILS OF CENTRATHERUM ANTHELMINTICUM AND CITRUS AURANTIFOLIA

Introduction: Centratherum anthelminticum is an ethnomedicinal plant in India and a common ingredient in Ayurvedic formulations. The pharmacological effects of C. anthelminticum ranges from anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial to recently found anti-cancer activity. Citrus aurantifolia (Rutaceae) is mainly used in daily consumption, in many cultural cuisines, and in juice production. It is widely used because of its antibacterial, anticancer, antidiabetic, antifungal, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammation, anti-lipidemia, and antioxidant properties. Objective: To isolate and identify the compounds in the essential oils from the seeds of C. anthelminticum Kuntz and peels of C. aurantifolia (Christm.) swingle collected from the Delhi NCR region. Materials and Methods: The essential oils from seeds of C. anthelminticum Kuntz and peels of C. aurantifolia were extracted by steam distillation and analyzed by gas chromatograph and gas chromatography–mass spectrometer. Results: Chemical characterization of the volatile oil and seeds of C. anthelminticum Kuntz showed that the oil is greenish and semi viscous. The major component of the oil was found to be beta-caryophyllene (64.43%), beta-pinene (9.81%), alpha-humulene (4.64%), caryophyllene oxide (2.24%), gamma-elemene (1.73%), limonene (1.48%) and myrecene (0.11%). Whereas the major constituents of volatile oil from peels of C. aurantifolia comprises of twenty nine components viz. sesquiterpne alcohols (20.68%) including Globulol, Hurmularel, 6 - dien - 3 - ol. (-) -Spathulenol, ledol,alpha-bisabolol, - (-) Spathulenol and Sesquíterpene esters (20.68%), caryophyllene, alpha- Farnesene, alpha-Caryophylline, gamma -elemene, gamma-.neoclovene, monoterpene alcohol (13.79%). Conclusion: The present study revealed the chemical composition of essential oils of both the drugs under study which can be used as references in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.