Hormone replacement remains one of the common therapies for menopause-related
pain but is associated with risk of orofacial or back pain. Spinal endomorphin-2 (EM-2) is
involved in varied pain and its release is steroid-dependent, but whether increasing spinal
EM-2 can inhibit thermal hyperalgesia and inflammatory pain in ovariectomized (OVX)
female rats, an animal model mimicking menopause, is not clear, nor is the potential
involvement of spinal mu-opioid receptor (MOR). In the current study, we revealed
that the temporal decrease of spinal EM-2 is accompanied with OVX-induced thermal
hyperalgesia that was dose-dependently attenuated by intrathecal (IT) delivery of EM2. The subcutaneous injection of formalin-induced inflammatory pain in OVX rats was
exacerbated and IT delivery of EM-2 dose-dependently inhibited the inflammatory pain.
However, the ED50 for IT delivery of EM-2 on thermal hyperalgesia is smaller than that
on inflammatory pain in OVX rats, suggesting different contributions of the EM-2 system
to these 2 pain modalities in OVX rats. IT pretreatment with MOR antagonist, betafunaltrexamine (β-FNA), attenuated IT EM-2 analgesia on both thermal hyperalgesia
and inflammatory pain in OVX rats. Furthermore, IT delivery of EM-2 did not affect the
animals’ locomotion or anxiety status. Our findings suggested that IT EM-2 might be a
safer analgesia strategy than hormone replacement therapy in reducing risk of orofacial
or back pain. However, a long-lasting form of EM-2 with less tolerance is needed to
induce sustained analgesia.
Key words: analgesia, intrathecal, endomorphin, ovariectomize, rat