Abstract
Background After radical prostatectomy, the optimal length of postoperative catheterization time remains to be determined. This study investigates the impact of catheter removal time on urinary continence and overactive bladder symptoms after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP).Methods Two hundred and fifty consecutive patients underwent RARP by a single surgeon between November 2020 and May 2021. Time to catheter removal was categorized into 7, 10, and ≥ 14 days. Continence was defined as no more than 1 pad used or no more than 20 grams of urine leakage per 24 hours. The patients' continence rates and overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS) were assessed at 48 hours, 1 week, 4 weeks, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks after catheter removal.Results Overall, continence rates were 36% 48 hours after catheter removal, 55.6% 1 week, 74.8% 4 weeks, 98.4% 12 weeks, and 100% 24 weeks after catheter removal. The median time to regain continence was 1 week. After stratification according to catheterization time, no significant difference in continence rates was found between different groups at each time point after catheter removal. Longer catheterization was not an independent predictor of continence recovery (10 days: OR 0.985, 95% CI 0.689-1.409, p = 0.936; ≥14 days: OR 1.194, 95% CI 0.869-1.642, p = 0.274). The presence of diabetes was associated with worse continence outcomes (OR 1.535, 95% CI 1.105-2.132, p = 0.011). The mean OABSS of patients in the continent group were significantly lower than the incontinent group at 48 hours, 1 week, and 4 weeks after catheter removal. No significant difference in OABSS was found between different catheterization time groups at each time point after catheter removal.Conclusions Our results demonstrated that different catheterization time (7 days, 10 days, ≥14 days) is not associated with short-, intermediate-, long-term continence outcomes or overactive bladder symptoms.