Eruptive xanthomas secondary to severe hypertriglyceridemia

Xanthomas are benign cutaneous manifestations of extracellular lipid accumulation. Eruptive xanthoma is characterized by the acute, widespread presentation of a papular rash and usually involves the back, buttocks, and extremities. Eruptive xanthoma is associated with hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and an increased long-term risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. We present a case of eruptive xanthoma accompanied by severe hypertriglyceridemia (10,164 mg/dL) in which the course of the disease was reversed following implementation of lipid-lowering pharmacotherapy.

Case series: eruptive xanthomas and hyperlipdaemia

Eruptive xanthomas are uncommon with only case reports documented making it difficult to have a prevalence figure. These asymptomatic eruptions are usually a clue to an underlying metabolic disorder with associated cardiovascular risk. Early diagnosis and treatment prevent its associated morbidity and mortality. We present a case series of 2 males (29 and 40 years) and 3 females (14, 28 and 40 years old). They presented with lesions clinically consistent with eruptive xanthomas. Laboratory and histologic investigations revealed dyslipidemia and lipid laden macrophages. They were placed on statins with an improvement of skin lesions and improvement in lipid levels. Dermatologists should be aware of skin lesions as a marker of severe dyslipidemia and its attendant cardiovascular risk. Early treatment leads to resolution of xanthomas and prevention of cardiac related morbidity and mortality.

Eruptive xanthomas, lipemia retinalis in a lean young female patient with new onset diabetes mellitus and hypertriglyceredemia

Eruptive xanthomas and lipemia Retinalis are a very rare finding which is pathognomonic of underlying Hypertriglyceridemia and Diabetes mellitus. Both these clinical entities are an indication of underlying metabolic derangements, so prompt action in the form of life style modification and drug therapy is important to avoid the development of serious long term complications like atherosclerosis and pancreatitis. We present a rare case of Eruptive xanthomas and lipemia Retinalis in 16years old young lean female patient as the first presentation of new onset Diabetes mellitus and underlying hypertriglyceridemia.

A Rare Disease of Familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome in a 20 Days Infant

Familial chylomicronemia syndrome is a group of very rare genetic disorders. It is inherited as autosomal recessive disorder. Its estimated incidence is 1 in 1000000 populations, characterized by deficient activity of an enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL) or apo-protein C-II, resulting into severe fasting hypertriglyceridemia and massive accumulations of chylomicrons in plasma. LPL deficiency typically presents in childhood with failure to thrive, colicky abdominal pain, eruptive xanthomas, lipemiaretinalis, pancreatitis and hepatomegaly. We are reporting a rare case of familial chylomicronemia in a 20 days old child who was presented with pneumonia, his plasma incidentally found like milk during routine collection of his blood sample. As the child was only 20 days old with very high triglyceride level, so breast feeding continued and cocktail therapy with low dose Tablet Fenofibrate, Tablet Niacin, Tablet Atovastatin started after referral to paediatric cardiologist at 3 months of age. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.15 (1) 2019: 107-109

Eruptive xanthomas: a warning sign of future hyperlipidemia complications

<p>Eruptive xanthomas are localized lipid deposits in the skin or subcutaneous tissue that are associated with both primary and secondary hyperlipidemia. Typical presentation manifests as small yellow papules on the buttocks or extensor surfaces. Xanthomas can be diagnosed clinically with an extensive history and physical examination, however, can be confirmed via biopsy and histological findings. It is essential to identify the underlying cause of the skin lesions and take appropriate measures to prevent future hyperlipidemia-induced consequences. Here we report a 42-year-old female with eruptive xanthomas on her trunk and extremities. Previous visits to the primary care provider and emergency department resulted in diagnoses of viral exanthems. The consulted dermatologist ordered laboratory tests remarkable for extreme hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, and hyperglycemia. Lifestyle modification in conjunction with cholesterol and triglyceride lowering medications led to the resolution of abnormal laboratory findings and remission of eruptive xanthoma lesions.</p>