STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA KOPI DI DAERAH TERTINGGAL MELALUI PENDEKATAN BISNIS INKLUSIF DI KABUPATEN SUMBA BARAT DAYA

<p><span lang="EN-US">The low bargaining power of small farmers put them into a disadvantage position. This is experienced by coffee farmers in Southwest Sumba District, as an underdeveloped area, which by their social economic limitation relies solely on middleman, while their coffee actually has higher value. This study examines these problems to find the best solution by utilizing local resources through an inclusive approach. Qualitative research was conducted through a case study in a disadvantaged village in Southwest Sumba District, which has intervened with appropriate technology to comprehensively handle coffee processing.</span><span lang="EN"> The results of the study explain that the problem of coffee farmers stems from the obstacles and challenges that are typically faced by people in disadvantaged areas. Those roblems are: barriers access to inputs, market, financial, and socio-cultural factors; challenges in coordination; and inability to meet standardization consistently and to bear risks. These six problems become the basis for the design of the inclusive business concept that is proposed to be applied by utilizing existing physical and social infrastructure modalities in the village</span><span lang="EN-US">. </span><span lang="EN">The inclusive coffee business unit development strategy has the potential to assist coffee farmers in gaining access to inputs and optimizing output, but should be supported by cross-sectoral cooperation between the government institution, research and development institution, business, and the community. Efforts to develop this business model need to be carried out sustainably along with empowering farmers and increasing awareness of the stakehoder to work together in an integrated manner.</span></p>

Analyzing and Designing Business Processes in the Ghana Cocoa Supply Chain for Supporting Inclusiveness

Ghana produces 20% of global cocoa output and is the second-largest producer and exporter of cocoa beans in the world. The Ghana cocoa industry is, however, challenged by a lack of adequate decision support systems across the supply chain. Particularly, cocoa farmers have limited access to information, which impedes planning, pricing, benchmarking, and quality management. In order to address this asymmetric access to information and ensure fair access to information that will allow the making of informed decisions, the supply chain stakeholders need to adapt their business processes. For identifying the requirements for better information flow, we identified the existing (as-is) processes through a systematic survey study in Ghana. We then identified the main problems and bottlenecks, designed new (to-be) business processes, and showed how IT systems support and enable inclusive business models in the Ghana cocoa industry. To enable inclusiveness, we incorporated IT solutions that improve information flows towards cocoa farmers. The results show that there are many opportunities (e.g., improving farmer livelihoods and a potential increase in export earnings) in the cocoa sector for Ghana and all stakeholders that can be utilized when there is chain-wide collaboration, equitable access to services, and proper use of IT systems.

Positionality of refugee business support and hospitality building under cognitive dissonance theory: an enterprising route of refugee entrepreneurship

Purpose For the developed economies in Europe, to which refugees move, and as refugees’ enterprising expectations evolve, emerging cognitive factors have become closely intertwined with their post-arrival encounters. However, the link between refugees’ social cognition and entrepreneurship commitment tends to be overlooked. This paper aims to join the international debates regarding cognitions of refugee entrepreneurship and explain the bewildering effects of refugees’ social cognitive dissonance on refugee business support. Design/methodology/approach This paper reviews the extant knowledge of refugee entrepreneurship and refugee business support. It synthesizes the literature on cognitive dissonance, multiple embeddedness and hospitality to inform a conceptual model and explain the ramifications of refugees’ entrepreneurial cognition on refugee business support and how public attitudes in the destination transform accordingly. Findings This paper illustrates the prevalent imbalance between the provision of support and refugees’ anticipations in developed economies. A conceptual toolkit is framed to disclose the succeeding influence of cognitive dissonance on the performances of refugee business support. This framework indicates that the cognitive dissonance could elicit heterogeneous aftermath of refugee business support service, resulting in a deteriorated/ameliorated hospitality context. Originality/value This conceptual toolkit unfolds cognitive ingredients in the refugee entrepreneurship journey, providing a framework for understanding refugee business support and the formation of hospitality under cognitive dissonance. Practically, it is conducive to policymakers nurturing rational refugee anticipation, enacting inclusive business support and enhancing hospitality in the host country.