Establishing a novel community-focussed lactation support service: a descriptive case series

Background Although breastfeeding is widely acknowledged as protecting both infant and maternal health postnatally, a partial or complete shortfall of maternal milk can occur for a range of reasons. In this eventuality, the currently available options for feeding infants are screened donor human milk (DHM), infant formula or unscreened shared human milk. In the UK, DHM has only been widely available in specific clinical contexts for the last 40 years, mainly to reduce the risk of necrotising enterocolitis in extremely preterm infants alongside optimal support for maternal lactation and breastfeeding. The Hearts Milk Bank (HMB) was established in 2017 as an independent, non-profit human milk bank that aimed to ensure equitable, assured access to screened DHM for neonatal units. As a result of the generosity of mothers, a surplus of DHM rapidly became available and together with lactation support, has since been provided to families with a healthcare referral. This programme has now been formalised for families facing lactational challenges, and DHM stocks are permanently maintained to meet their needs. Case series This case series describes the clinical paths of four families who accessed lactation support and DHM from the HMB, along with a description of the process for community provision. To date, the HMB has supported over 300 families. Working collaboratively with key stakeholders, the HMB team has developed a prioritisation strategy based on utilitarian ethical models, protocols that ensure safe handling and appropriateness of use, broader donor recruitment parameters that maintain safety with a pragmatic approach for full term healthy infants, and a process to ensure parents or carers have access to the knowledge needed to give informed consent and use DHM appropriately. Conclusions Stakeholders, including parents, healthcare professionals, and milk banks, will need to discuss priorities for both DHM use and research gaps that can underpin the equitable expansion of services, in partnership with National Health Service (NHS) teams and third-sector organisations that support breastfeeding and maternal mental health.

Sources and Methodologies for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Study in Brazil

This article uncovers relevant sources and methodologies to gather knowledge about micro, small and medium enterprises (MSME) in Brazil. To achieve its purpose, the text presents sources and methodologies. This type of study is relatively neglected concerning MSMEs. Until this moment, not much data has been reported about these companies’ categories, and even less in advanced research. Among the most significant data and methodology of addressing MSMEs in the country, the text highlights the surveys conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the Brazilian Micro and Small Business Support Service (SEBRAE), and the international annual research Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) a study on the entrepreneurial activity, which Brazil is part for more than 20 years. The Brazilian institutions, as well as consulting for those companies, collect key data that posteriorly become research sources. Also, when explaining how institutions chose and treated the data, they own specific methodologies regarding those businesses in Brazil. The paper also points out the importance of constant law monitoring, adjustment, and technology incentives. This article's contribution is to present a research methodology on MSME in Brazil with relevant data.

The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Hospitality Industry

As the hospitality industry is one of the industries most drastically affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, it is essential that managers of this industry develop effective strategies to reduce the damage of the pandemic and be better prepared for possible future crises. In this respect, this chapter discusses the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the hospitality industry and highlights preventive measures, employee support, service innovations, and CSR activities as the key strategic areas for enhancing resilience and recovery of hospitality firms during and even after the COVID-19 pandemic. This chapter also underlines the significance of adopting a holistic stakeholder approach that discusses the effects of the pandemic and proposed strategies from the perspective of multiple stakeholders, as the COVID-19 pandemic has affected them all.

A Study on Priority of Classification System for Agro-healing Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process

Background and objective: As the ‘Healing Agriculture Research and Development and Promotion Act’ came into effect on March 25, 2021, social interest in agro-healing has been increasing exponentially. This study was conducted to analyze the priorities of agro-healing classification system and to provide basic data to inform policy directions and related research for the development and activation of agro-healing.Methods: The survey data collected from 18 experts were analyzed using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method in determine the relative weights of the main and sub-criteria for the classification system. There were three main criteria identified: agro-healing input industry, agro-healing service industry, and agro-healing-related/derived industry. There were also 11 sub-criteria.Results: The top three sub-criteria with the highest complex weights include “community service,” “social rehabilitation” and “treatment and rehabilitation,” all of which correspond to the main criterion “agro-healing service industry”. In addition, the complex weights of the sub-criteria corresponding to the main criterion “agro-healing related/derived industry” are as follows: “other agro-healing support service,” which ranked 4th, and “training and education institutions for agro-healing experts,” which ranked 5th when prioritizing the criteria.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the main criterion to be considered first in establishing a classification system is “agro-healing service industry”. Therefore, it is necessary to continue research on detailed service classifications and systems with verified validity to ensure expertise in human resources, and organization related to social purpose services in agro-healing.

Analisis Perubahan Struktur Ekonomi Dan Sektor Unggulan Kota Kendari Tahun 2010-2020

This study aims to determine changes in the structure and leading sectors in the City of Kendari. This research is a quantitative research using secondary data from BPS in the form of GRDP of Kendari city based on the business field in 2010-2020. The results showed that the economic structure of the city of Kendari is dominated by the retail wholesale trade sector and the construction sector. Where in 2010 the trade sector gave the largest contribution to GRDP, but in 2020 the construction sector dominates the contribution to GRDP. The results of other studies show that the leading sector in the city of Kendari is the corporate services sector from 2010-2020. The implication of the results of this study is that the city of Kendari as a service city needs to make changes to urban planning related to trade. And as a city that has advantages in the service sector, it is necessary to issue policies that support service improvement in order to increase the value of the contribution of the service sector in the city of Kendari considering that the city of Kendari is not superior in terms of agriculture.

Evaluating the impact of language concordance on COVID-19 contact tracing outcomes among Spanish-speaking adults in San Francisco between June and November 2020

We evaluated the impact of language concordance—clinician or public health worker fluency in a patient’s primary language—on COVID-19 contact tracing outcomes among 2668 Spanish-speaking adults in San Francisco. Language concordance was associated with 20% greater odds of COVID-19 testing and 53% greater odds of support service referrals.