Light Intensity Control Using Polaroids

In today’s era of illuminating devices, there are a wide variety of devices available in aesthetics but the none with variable intensity of light. Using the basic principle of polarization of light using a Polaroid filter or polarizer, the designing of a light intensity control was done. The polarizing angle of the filter decides the intensity of the light that would pass through the filters. According to the principle of propagation of light, the electric and magnetic vibrations of a light wave occur perpendicularly to each other. A light wave that is vibrating in more than one plane is known as unpolarized light. The light emitted by the sun, by a lamp or a tube light are all unpolarized light sources. The other kind of wave is a polarized wave. A Plane polarized light vibrates on only one plane. The process of transforming unpolarized light into the polarized light is known as polarization. Using the same principle and with the use of a LDR (light dependent resister) as a sensor to sense the intensity of the surrounding light and then rotate the polaroid filter sheets accordingly using a stepper motor for the required change in intensity. The sensing and sending of feedback and subsequent rotation of the Polaroid filter sheets would be automated by ATMEGA32 microcontroller and L293D. Keywords: Polaroids, LDR, Light Variation, ATMEGA32, L293D

Analisis Determinan Agresivitas Pajak Pada Perusahaan Sektor Industri

This research aimed to analyze the factors affecting tax aggressiveness. The variables used were leverage, intensity of inventory, intensity of fixed asset, profitability, and liquidity. The approach used was quantitative with secondary data sources obtained from annual financial reports on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The population of this research were 53 manufacturing industry companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the 2017-2020 period using the purposive sampling method. Based on the purposive sampling method, 84 samples were obtained from 21 manufacturing industry companies listed on the IDX for the 2017-2020 period. The data analysis technique in this research used panel data with the Eviews Program as a tool. The results obtained indicated that the factors affecting tax aggressiveness were the variable intensity of fixed assets and profitability. This research states that the intensity of fixed assets has a negative and significant effect on tax aggressiveness, while profitability has a positive and significant effect on tax aggressiveness. Meanwhile, the factors that have no effect on tax aggressiveness are the variables of leverage, intensity of inventory, and liquidity.

Forestier´s Syndrome, Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hiperostosis: Report of a case of oropharyngeal dysphagia with conservative treatment and literature review

Forestier Syndrome is a rheumatological disease of unknown origin, which consist in calcification of different areas of the body, predominantly at the level of the anterior common vertebral ligament, where osteophytes capable of producing varied symptoms of variable intensity are formed. Normally asymptomatic, although, when it affects the cervical spine, the most common symptom is dysphagia. A case of Forestier syndrome is presented who consulted for dysphagia in the Head and Neck Surgery Unit of the Otolaryngology Service of the Institute of Social Prevision, Asuncion, Paraguay. The semiology allowed to observe a submucosal bulge in the posterior wall of the oropharynx of 1,5 cm in diameter, which could be evaluated and confirmed by tomography. Due to the low intensity of the symptoms and little impact on the general state, it was decided to carry out a conservative treatment with good results, after two years of clinical follow-up. In these cases, surgery occupies a secondary place, either before the failure of this conservative behavior or the progression of the symptoms.

Rat sensitivity to multipoint statistics is predicted by efficient coding of natural scenes

Efficient processing of sensory data requires adapting the neuronal encoding strategy to the statistics of natural stimuli. Previously, in Hermundstad et al., 2014, we showed that local multipoint correlation patterns that are most variable in natural images are also the most perceptually salient for human observers, in a way that is compatible with the efficient coding principle. Understanding the neuronal mechanisms underlying such adaptation to image statistics will require performing invasive experiments that are impossible in humans. Therefore, it is important to understand whether a similar phenomenon can be detected in animal species that allow for powerful experimental manipulations, such as rodents. Here we selected four image statistics (from single- to four-point correlations) and trained four groups of rats to discriminate between white noise patterns and binary textures containing variable intensity levels of one of such statistics. We interpreted the resulting psychometric data with an ideal observer model, finding a sharp decrease in sensitivity from two- to four-point correlations and a further decrease from four- to three-point. This ranking fully reproduces the trend we previously observed in humans, thus extending a direct demonstration of efficient coding to a species where neuronal and developmental processes can be interrogated and causally manipulated.

Pure Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) Inclusions in Granulocytes of MYH9-Related Disorder Patients

MYH9-related disorders are a group of disorders (May-Hegglin anomaly, Fechtner syndrome, Sebastian syndrome) characterized by macrothrombocytopenia and ribosome inclusions in granulocytes. They are caused by mutations in the MYH9 gene and, depending on the location of the mutation, are associated with extrahematological pathologies (sensorineural hearing loss, progressive nephropathy, presenile cataracts) of variable intensity. The inclusions are formed by single and clustered ribosomes and are partially surrounded by segments of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). Typical inclusions in May-Hegglin anomaly are spindle-shaped, well-defined, and contain longitudinal filaments. Those found in Sebastian and Fechter syndromes are round or oval, have no filaments and, sometimes, show cross-striated arrangement of the ribosome aggregates. When reviewing the electron micrographs of the granulocyte inclusions of 10 patients with MYH9-related disorders previously published (Pujol-Moix et al. Haematologica 2004;89:330-337) we observed a special type of inclusion not described in the article. This inclusion has the typical appearance of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) clusters, that is, a meshwork of branching tubules of SER without limiting membranes and no other structures such as ribosomes or RER. In 3 of the patients reviewed, in addition to the typical inclusions of MYH9-related disorder, some granulocytes with SER clusters were observed. These clusters were rounded or oval in shape and, when present, were 1 or 2 per cell (Fig. 1). The patients who presented granulocyte SER clusters are those identified as B4, C6 and D8 in the Haematologica article and are briefly described in Table 1. The patients presenting with SER clusters showed different characteristics such as age, bleeding, platelet counts, and proportion of giant platelets. Therefore, we cannot relate the presence of SER clusters to any clinical or biological characteristic of patients. It should be noticed that we did not find SER clusters in any patient with May-Hegglin anomaly. However, the small number of cases studied does not allow any conclusions to be drawn. SER clusters have been described in different types of cells such as hepatocytes or kidney tubular epitelial cells (Ghadially FN. Ultrastructural Pathology of the Cell and Matrix. Butterwords. London, 1988, pp 422-427). Normal granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils) besides their own specific granules, also contain other general subcellular structures, including dispersed SER membranes. However, SER membranes forming clusters in these cells have not been previously described. In addition, SER clusters do not seem to correspond to evolved forms of typical MYH9 inclusions, for example by degranulation of the RER, based on the observations that typical inclusions show abundant ribosomes but few RER segments, no appreciable ribosomes are observed in the SER clusters, and the morphology of the tubules forming the SER and RER is different. We suggest that SER clusters could be considered a new type of inclusion in MYH9-related disorders. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Frequency of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus in Hypothyroid Patients: A study in Peshawar

Aim: To assess the frequency of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in hypothyroid patients. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Union council (UC) Zargar Abad, District Peshawar for a period of six months. Sample size was 200 patients and technique used was convenient random sampling. Results: In hypothyroid cases, 200 cases were selected. Female were 40 and male were 160. They were divided into three groups i.e. 18-28 years, 29-40 yrs and 41-50 yrs. Maximum subjects fall in the age group of 29-40 years. In this group 100 were male and 20 were female. BMI of this group was notably higher than the other age groups. Out of 200 subjects 83 had hypertension of variable intensity. 60 male patients had hypertension and 23 female patients had hypertension. Out of 160 male subjects 42% had hypertension and 57% had hypertension. Conclusion: There is an association of hypertension and DM in hypothyroid patients. Keywords: Hypothyroidism, DM, Hypertension

What Are Answer Strategies Being Researched to Cure or Treat Cancer?

Breast cancer radiotherapy is used for patients at high risk in areas such as family history of heart disease and the use of chemotherapy drugs. Imaging and treatment are performed. Because the most sensitive part of the patient's heart is located in the field of breast radiation therapy, radiation therapy is likely to cause heart complications for the patient. For patients at high risk of heart disease, deep tail radiation therapy is performed and thus the least radiation hits the heart tissue. And the side effects of treatment are greatly reduced. The technique of IMRT or "variable intensity radiation therapy" is another unique new method of radiation therapy. Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening; Treatment; Management

Pengaruh Iklan Jd.Id di Youtube Terhadap Minat Untuk Menggunakan Aplikasi

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using Youtube Ads on interest in using the Jd.id application where the variables used include intensity, message content, and attractiveness. The method used is quantitative with a multiple linear regression approach. The target population is employees of the H.R Operations Department of Perum Peruri Karawang with a total of 63 people. The results showed that the variable intensity, message content, and attractiveness of Youtube ads simultaneously had a significant effect on the interest in using the Jd.id application with a total influence of 67.1%. After testing the coefficient of partial determination, the effect of the intensity is 14.1%, the message content is 6.6% and the attractiveness is 36.4%.Keywords:Youtube, New Media, Jd.id, Perum Peruri.