Importance of Velocity Deviation Technique and Negative Secondary Porosity in Detection of Hydrocarbon Zones in Khasib Formation, East Baghdad Oil Field

The velocity deviation technique is one of the important techniques in hydrocarbon investigations, through which it is possible to identify the types and the content of rock pores. The current study aimed to demonstrate the benefit of this technique in discovering the oil sites of the Khasib formation in the East Baghdad oil field, as well as the possibility of separating the oil and gas zones by combining the velocity deviation technique with the anomalous primary porosity information that leads to negative secondary porosity. In this study, log data of three wells distributed in the study area (EB-04, EB-16, and EB-34) were used. From these data, the velocity was estimated by the sonic log, the porosity was estimated by the neutron and the density log, while the velocity deviation was determined by subtracting the velocity calculated from the density log from the sonic log velocity. The result showed that there is significant agreement between the secondary porosity values that turned positive after the oil effect was removed and the confirmed oil zones derived from the core information. Also, there was a clear correlation between velocity deviation values above -500 m/s and the permeability zone of formation, which may reflect the importance of this technique in the identification of the permeability zone. Both techniques (Velocity Deviation and log porosity analysis) can be correlated to predict the locations of gas, large-scale fractures, and unconsolidated beds in sites of high negative secondary porosity and low-velocity deviation (under -500 m/s).

Research on a medium-tracked omni-vehicle

Existing omnidirectional vehicles have disadvantages of poor load capacities and practicability. Based on the omnidirectional mobile track and an adapted symmetrical layout, a novel medium-tracked omni-vehicle was designed. The kinematic and dynamic model of the vehicle was established, and the anisotropy of the velocity and acceleration of the vehicle was analyzed. With a counterbalanced forklift as the design goal, a virtual prototype and real prototype of the vehicle were established. The prototype had a no-load weight of 5 t and a full-load weight of 7 t. Simulations and experiments were carried out for various omnidirectional movements of the prototype, such as longitudinal, lateral, multi-angle diagonal, and center-point steering motions. The simulation and experimental results showed that the vehicle performed omnidirectional motion in the plane under no-load and full-load conditions. The translational motion of the prototype exhibited anisotropic motion. The causes of the trajectory and velocity deviation during the motion of the prototype were analyzed.

Adaptive trajectory tracking control strategy of intelligent vehicle

The trajectory tracking control strategy for intelligent vehicle is proposed in this article. Considering the parameters perturbations and external disturbances of the vehicle system, based on the vehicle dynamics and the preview follower theory, the lateral preview deviation dynamics model of the vehicle system is established which uses lateral preview position deviation, lateral preview velocity deviation, lateral preview attitude angle deviation, and lateral preview attitude angle velocity deviation as the tracking state variables. For this uncertain system, the adaptive sliding mode control algorithm is adopted to design the preview controller to eliminate the effects of uncertainties and realize high accuracy of the target trajectory tracking. According to the real-time deviations of lateral position and lateral attitude angle, the feedback controller is designed based on the fuzzy control algorithm. For improving the adaptability to the multiple dynamic states, the extension theory is introduced to design the coordination controller to adjusting the control proportions of the preview controller and the feedback controller to the front wheel steering angle. Simulation results verify the adaptability, robustness, accuracy of the control strategy under which the intelligent vehicle has good handling stability.

The systematic design and prototype verification of cam-linkage polishing devices with double-circle polishing traces

The optimum polishing traces are the double-circle polishing traces with zero-velocity deviation percentage ( Vdp = 0%). In 1997, Buzzetti used the relatively high-cost programmable logic controller to control the polishing device having double-circle polishing traces with zero-velocity deviation percentage. In order to reduce the manufacturing cost, link-type and planetary-type polishers are proposed for polishing the optical fiber ferrules. However, they cannot be designed to have the double-circle polishing traces with zero-velocity deviation percentage. This article focuses on the systematic design of polishing device having double-circle polishing traces with zero-velocity deviation percentage ( Vdp = 0%). In this article, two design concepts of cam-linkage polishing devices are proposed. Based on the kinematic requirements of double-circle polishing traces, the profiles of X-cam and Y-cam are synthesized. According to the simulation by “Cosmos,” the cam-linkage polishing devices have double-circle polishing traces with zero-velocity deviation percentage. Finally, the corresponding prototype of the second cam-linkage polishing device is manufactured and verifies having double-circle polishing traces with zero-velocity deviation percentage.

PSS Tuning on Power Generator System using Flower Pollination Algorithm

This research proposed a tuning method of power system stabilizer (PSS) using an intelligent method based on flower pollination algorithm (FPA) on Pajalesang generator located in Soppeng district. The observed result is the deviation response of velocity and rotor angle in case of disturbance. The case study used as the disturbance to this generator system is a load addition of 0.05 pu. The results show that velocity deviation response without PSS is 0.01152 pu to -0.0248 pu, using PSS trial is 0.007014 pu to -0.02174 pu, using PSS bat algorithm is 0.003972 pu to -0.01865 pu, and using the proposed method of PSS flower algorithm is 0.002149 pu to -0.01678 pu. The rotor angle response shows better results with reduced oscillation and rapidly leading to the steady-state condition. The performance of Pajalesang diesel power plant increased with the installation of FPA PSS, with parameters respectively Kpss=8.5956, T1= 0.0247, T2=0.2484, T3=0.4776, and T4=0.8827.