Modified skyline query to measure priority region for personal protective equipment recipient of COVID-19 health workers

The distribution of personal protective equipment (PPE) plays a vital role in meeting the needs of PPE in an area. This study aims to measure the priority of PPE recipient regions in West Java Province using a skyline query algorithm, namely Sort Filter Skyline (SFS). In this study, the SFS algorithm is modified to optimize the dominance measurement section. Regions that do not have hospitals will not be prioritized for PPE recipients. The preferences used in this study are maximum and minimum. The maximum preference rule is used for the number of ODP, PDP, positive and dead cases, while the minimum preference rule is used for the cured and distance attributes. The application of SFS for calculating priority regions has been successfully carried out by developing two models, namely MS1 using unmodified SFS and MS2 using modified SFS by adding a selection process for regions with no hospitals. The MS1 produces 21 skyline objects (55.55 %), while MS2 15 (66.66 %) skyline objects. The MS2 is faster than that of MS1 because fewer objects are being tested. The MS1 takes 0.0222 seconds, while MS2 only 0.0193 seconds.

Implementing a non-local means method to CTA data of aortic dissection

It is necessary to conserve important information, like edges, details, and textures, in CT aortic dissection images, as this helps the radiologist examine and diagnose the disease. Hence, a less noisy image is required to support medical experts in performing better diagnoses. In this work, the non-local means (NLM) method is conducted to minimize the noise in CT images of aortic dissection patients as a preprocessing step to produce accurate aortic segmentation results. The method is implemented in an existing segmentation system using six different kernel functions, and the evaluation is done by assessing DSC, precision, and recall of segmentation results. Furthermore, the visual quality of denoised images is also taken into account to be determined. Besides, a comparative analysis between NLM and other denoising methods is done in this experiment. The results showed that NLM yields encouraging segmentation results, even though the visualization of denoised images is unacceptable. Applying the NLM algorithm with the flat function provides the highest DSC, precision, and recall values of 0.937101, 0.954835, and 0.920517 consecutively.

Course scheduling optimization using genetic algorithm and tabu search

Scheduling courses in higher education often face problems, such as the clashes of teachers' schedules, rooms, and students' schedules. This study proposes course scheduling optimization using genetic algorithms and taboo search. The genetic algorithm produces the best generation of chromosomes composed of lecturer, day, and hour genes. The Tabu search method is used for the lecture rooms division. Scheduling is carried out for the Informatics faculty with four study programs, 65 lecturers, 93 courses, 265 lecturer assignments, and 65 classes. The process of generating 265 schedules took 561 seconds without any scheduling clashes. The genetic algorithms and taboo searches can process quite many course schedules faster than the manual method.

Comparison of the histogram of oriented gradient, GLCM, and shape feature extraction methods for breast cancer classification using SVM

Breast cancer originates from the ducts or lobules of the breast and is the second leading cause of death after cervical cancer. Therefore, early breast cancer screening is required, one of which is mammography. Mammography images can be automatically identified using Computer-Aided Diagnosis by leveraging machine learning classifications. This study analyzes the Support Vector Machine (SVM) in classifying breast cancer. It compares the performance of three features extraction methods used in SVM, namely Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG), GLCM, and shape feature extraction. The dataset consists of 320 mammogram image data from MIAS containing 203 normal images and 117 abnormal images. Each extraction method used three kernels, namely Linear, Gaussian, and Polynomial. The shape feature extraction-SVM using Linear kernel shows the best performance with an accuracy of 98.44 %, sensitivity of 100 %, and specificity of 97.50 %.

AKSALont: Automatic transliteration application for Balinese palm leaf manuscripts with LSTM Model

This study aims to develop an automatic transliteration application for the Balinese palm leaf manuscripts into the Latin/Roman alphabet. The input for this system is the digital image of the original text from the ancient Balinese palm leaf manuscripts, not from the Balinese script, which is printed using a font on a computer. In this study, a segmentation-free transliteration machine using the LSTM model was implemented. In addition, the implementation of the AKSALont application is carried out for the interactions on a web-based platform using cross-platform interoperability. The experimental results show that the machine can transliterate Balinese characters on the Balinese palm-leaf manuscript images properly with a CER of 19.78 % using 10.475 test data. With a web-based online platform, AKSALont has been able to open wider access for the public to the web-based content with an online platform collection.

Identification of significant protein in protein-protein interaction of Alzheimer disease using top-k representative skyline query

Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative disease. This study aims to analyze protein-protein interaction (PPI) to provide a better understanding of multifactorial neurodegenerative diseases and can be used to find proteins that have a significant role in Alzheimer's disease. PPI data were obtained from experimental and computational predictions and analyzed using centrality measures. The Top-k RSP method was applied to find significant proteins in PPI networks using the dominance rule. The method was applied to the PPI data with the interaction sources from the experimental and experiment+prediction. The results indicate that APP and PSEN1 are significant proteins for Alzheimer's disease. This study also showed that both data sources (experiment+prediction) and the Top-k RSP algorithm proved useful for PPI analysis of Alzheimer's disease.

Identification of the distribution village maturation: Village classification using Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise

The rural development measurement is undoubtedly not easy due to its particular needs and conditions. This study classifies village performance from social, economic, and ecological indices. One thousand five hundred ninety-one villages from the Community and Village Empowerment Office at Riau Province, Indonesia, are grouped into five village maturation classes: very under-developed village, under-developed village, developing village, developed village, and independent village. To date, Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) is utilized in mining 13 of the villages’ attributes. Python programming is applied to analyze and evaluate the DBSCAN activities. The study reveals the grouping’s silhouette coefficient values at 0.8231, thus indicating the well-being clustering performance. The epsilon and minimum points values are considered in DBSCAN evaluation with percentage splits simulation. This grouping can be used as guidelines for governments in analyzing the distribution of rural development subsidies more optimal.

A galvanic-based dissolved oxygen level monitoring sensor system in freshwater ponds

This study aims to develop low-cost and environmentally friendly material galvanic-based dissolved oxygen sensors. A Dissolved oxygen (DO) sensor has been designed and fabricated on an 85 x 205 mm galvanic-based. The sensor structure device consists of Al-Zn reference layer electrode, Ag/AgCl active electrode, 120ml KCl electrolyte solvent 0,1 M, and closed by TiO2 membrane (PTFE). The Al-Zn formation reference electrode was done by Ag layer chlorination using FeCl3, and the TiO2 membrane was formed by TiO2 paste screen printing. The test was done to measure the sensor’s performance based on the current-voltage characteristics between 1.0 and 1.8 V. The results showed that a stable diffusion current was obtained when the input voltage was 1.5 V, resulting in the best sensor performance with a sensitivity of 0.7866 μA L/mg and a stable step response time of 3 mins. This prototype sensor showed high potential for prototyping for a low-cost water quality monitoring system.

Segmentation and analysis of Pap smear microscopic images using the K-means and J48 algorithms

A Pap smear is used to early detection cervical cancer. This study proposes the segmentation and analysis method of Pap smear cells images using the K-means algorithm so that cytoplasmic cells, nuclear cells, and inflammatory cells can be segmented automatically. The results of the feature analysis from the cytoplasmic, nuclear, and inflammatory cell images were classified using the J48 algorithm with 37 training data. The training resulted in an accuracy of 94.594 %, precision of 95 %, and sensitivity of 94.6 %. The classification of 24 testing images resulted in an accuracy of 91.6%, a precision of 92.5 %, and a sensitivity of 91.7 %.

Traffic sign recognition using convolutional neural networks

Traffic sign recognition (TSR) can be used to recognize traffic signs by utilizing image processing. This paper presents traffic sign recognition in Indonesia using convolutional neural networks (CNN). The overall image dataset used is 2050 images of traffic signs, consisting of 10 kinds of signs. The CNN layer used in this study consists of one convolution layer, one pooling layer using maxpool operation, and one fully connected layer. The training algorithm used is stochastic gradient descent (SGD). At the training stage, using 1750 training images, 48 filters, and a learning rate of 0.005, the recognition results in 0.005 of loss and 100 % of accuracy. At the testing stage using 300 test images, the system recognizes the signs with 0.107 of loss and 97.33 % of accuracy.