Predictive value of the conditions for the optimal dialysis initiation (Meta-analysis of observational studies)

BACKGROUND. The survival of dialysis patients remains unsatisfactory. A number of observational studies have shown that the conditions of initiation of dialysis can influence long-term outcomes, including mortality.THE AIM. To compare the mortality of patients under predefined conditions of optimal (planned) and suboptimal (unplanned) dialysis initiation.METHODS. Using the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases from inception to June 2020, we conducted a systematic search for studies that examined the overall mortality of patients who met or did not meet the predefined conditions for an “optimal” start of renal replacement therapy (RRT): planned vs. unplanned onset; initiation of substitution therapy on permanent access vs. temporary; with priorobservation of the nephrologist vs. without it. As a result of a systematic search, subsequent analysis and selection of publica tions, 8 studies were included in the meta-analysis (total number of incident patients was 22755; 13680 patients met the conditions of the optimal dialysis start).RESULTS. All-cause mortality among patients with the conditions of suboptimal dialysis start was higher than in those with the optimal start (34.4 % vs. 46.6 %, p<0,001) with the increase in the relative risk (RR) of fatal outcome by 35.1 % (95 % confidence interval (CI) 30.8 %-39.4 %, p<0.0001). Estimated number of patients needed to start dialysis in the optimal conditions to prevent 1 death was 8 (95 % CI 7-9).CONCLUSION. The meta-analysis demonstrated the relationship between the urgent initiation of RRT, the use of temporary access for dialysis, and the lack of timely prior follow-up by a nephrologist with an increase in mortality. Prevention of dialysis initiation in these suboptimal conditions in real-world clinical practice can be an effective tool for improving patient-centered outcomes.

WPŁYW MIGRACJI NA LICZBĘ I STRUKTURĘ LUDNOŚCI WIELKICH MIAST

The commencement of the 21st century was marked by a greater intensity of depopulation processes in Poland. From the demographic perspective, a decline in the population number is an outcome of the interaction of two factors: a negative natural increase and a negative balance of migration that may work separately or in tandem. When the level of the natural increase falls, migration, especially its balance, gains importance as a factor influencing the population size. In the early 21st century, population flows played a significant role in the growth of the populations in Warsaw, Krakow, and Wroclaw, whereas Poznań and Łódź saw an accelerated population loss. The purpose of the study was to assess the direct impact of migra- tion on the growth of populations in big Polish cities, as well as its indirect impact revealing itself through increased birth rates from migrants. The analysis spans the years 2002-2017 and uses data from publica- tions of the Central Statistical Office (Demographic Yearbooks) and from the Demografia database (http:// demografia.stat.gov.pl/bazademografia/).

USE OF ALTMETRICS IN BIBLIOGRAPHIC SERVICES

Potentiality of using altmetrics in the academic library bibliographic services is examined. Free altmetric services such as Altmetric bookmar klet and tracking online-news about scientific articles (Paperbuzz, PLOS Article Level Metrics) and others are reviewed.90 foreign and 30 Russian publications for the period of 2012 – 2019, which are dedicated to altmetric researches of works in library science or using altmetric tools in library activities, have been submitted to content analyses. Information and analytical systems such as Scopus, Web of Science and Russian Index of Scientific Citing (RISC) are its sources.The main directions elicited in foreign publica tions are as follows: altmetric analysis of publications, comparison of altmetric indica tors with traditional ones, investigation of cases concerning provision of scientific activi ties with ailtmetric data, altmetrical analysis of online libraries and repositories, use of altmet ric facts for acquisition needs. The main directions elicited in Russian publications are as follows: altmetrics as an indicator of scientific influence, provision of librarians and researchers with information about altmetric opportunities, provision with altmetric infor mation from licensed databases. Libraries have an opportunity to generate altmetric informa tion, possibility of generating altmetric infor mation by libraries. The language barrier, paucity evidence about Russian publications, provoke doubts about favors of using altmetric information reduce Russian users’ interest to alternative metrics.The described possible scripts of Russian scientific libraries`work with altmetrics are as follows: provision of users with specialized altmetric services by analogy with services on defining traditional indicators of publication activities, generation of own altmetric informa tion. Informing about possibility of using altmetrics is important for referencebibliographic servicing practice. For lack of direct inquiries for alternative metrics, they could be one of information criteria for thematic search or preparation of reviews.

В начале было слово: из истории термина «дзёмон» в российской археологической литературе

Based on the analysis of publica- tions, the authors consider the history, con- text and peculiarities of the appearance of the term “Jōmon” in Russian archaeologi- cal literature. Among the scholars who made the most signiicant contribution to the study of the Neolithic (Jōmon) of the Japanese Is- lands in the 1880s-1920s are A.V.Grigo- riev, I. S. Polyakov and D. M. Pozdneev. In the 1930s-1950s the most important role was played by A. P. Okladnikov and M. V. Vorobiev. The evolution of the term’s status from “pro- to-Ainu strata” to “pan-Japanese Neolithic culture” is traced.

Literature review: pemanfaatan media promosi kesehatan (smartphone) dalam mencegah dan mengendalikan kadar gula Diabetes Tipe 2

Utilization of smartphone technology as a health promotion media has continued to be developed in the past few decades. This technology is used to manage various acute and chronic diseases, one of which is diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this literature review was to describe an intervention that utilizes technology as a media tool in the form of a smartphone in promoting health prevention and glucose control of type 2 diabetes. The database searches used include ProQuest, SciVerse ScienceDirect, Scopus, Pubmed, Cohcrane library, EBSCOhost, ClinicalKey, Sage Publica- tions. Keywords used in the search of the article was diabetes type 2, health promotion, telemedicine, smartphone applications, web based, obesity, diabetes exercise, walking, glucose control by getting 29 articles and only 14 articles that were used through goal analysis, topic suitability , research methods used, sample size, research ethics, the results of each article, and limitations that occur.There were effective results in the implementation of health promotion prevention and glucose control of type 2 diabetes by utilizing technology as a media tool such as smartphones and websites.Keywords: Health Promotion, Smartphone, Glucose, Type 2 DiabetesAbstrak: Pemanfaatan teknologi smartphone sebagai media promosi kesehatan terus dikembangkan dalam beberapa dekade terakhir. Teknologi ini dimanfaatkan untuk mengelola berbagai penyakit akut dan kronis, salah satunya adalah penyakit diabetes melitus. Tujuan dari literature review ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan sebuah intervensi yang memanfaatkan teknologi sebagai alat media berupa smartphone dalam melakukan promosi kesehatan pencegahan dan kontrol glukosa diabetes tipe 2. Pencarian database yang digunakan termasuk ProQuest, SciVerse ScienceDirect, Scopus, Pubmed, Perpustakaan Cohcrane, EBSCOhost, ClinicalKey, Sage Publications. Kata kunci yang digunakan dalam pencarian artikel adalah diabetes tipe 2, promosi kesehatan, telemedicine, aplikasi smartphone, berbasis web, obesitas, latihan diabetes, berjalan, kontrol glukosa dengan mendapatkan 29 artikel dan yang digunakan hanya 14 artikel yang sesuai melalui analisis tujuan, kesesuaian topik, metode penelitian yang digunakan, ukuran sampel, etik penelitian, hasil dari setiap artikel, serta keterbatasan yang terjadi.Terdapat hasil yang efektif dalam pelaksanaan promosi kesehatan pencegahan dan kontrol glukosa diabetes tipe 2 dengan memanfaatkan teknologi sebagai alat media seperti smartphone dan website.Kata kunci: Promosi Kesehatan, Smartphone, Glukosa, Diabetes Tipe 2