oxygen blast
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JOM ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Peng ◽  
Jingsong Wang ◽  
Haibin Zuo ◽  
Guang Wang ◽  
Xuefeng She ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Manuel Bailera ◽  
Takao Nakagaki ◽  
Ryoma Kataoka

Background: The Rist diagram is useful for predicting changes in blast furnaces when the operating conditions are modified. In this paper, we revisit this methodology to provide a general model with additions and corrections. The reason for this is to study a new concept proposal that combines oxygen blast furnaces with Power to Gas technology. The latter produces synthetic methane by using renewable electricity and CO2 to partly replace the fossil input in the blast furnace. Carbon is thus continuously recycled in a closed loop and geological storage is avoided. Methods: The new model is validated with three data sets corresponding to (1) an air-blown blast furnace without auxiliary injections, (2) an air-blown blast furnace with pulverized coal injection and (3) an oxygen blast furnace with top gas recycling and pulverized coal injection. The error is below 8% in all cases. Results: Assuming a 280 tHM/h oxygen blast furnace that produces 1154 kgCO2/tHM, we can reduce the CO2 emissions between 6.1% and 7.4% by coupling a 150 MW Power to Gas plant. This produces 21.8 kg/tHM of synthetic methane that replaces 22.8 kg/tHM of coke or 30.2 kg/tHM of coal. The gross energy penalization of the CO2 avoidance is 27.1 MJ/kgCO2 when coke is replaced and 22.4 MJ/kgCO2 when coal is replaced. Considering the energy content of the saved fossil fuel, and the electricity no longer consumed in the air separation unit thanks to the O2 coming from the electrolyzer, the net energy penalizations are 23.1 MJ/kgCO2 and 17.9 MJ/kgCO2, respectively. Discussion: The proposed integration has energy penalizations greater than conventional amine carbon capture (typically 3.7 – 4.8 MJ/kgCO2), but in return it could reduce the economic costs thanks to diminishing the coke/coal consumption, reducing the electricity consumption in the air separation unit, and eliminating the requirement of geological storage.


Metallurgist ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 796-803
Author(s):  
K. V. Bulatov ◽  
S. A. Yakornov ◽  
A. F. Ibragimov ◽  
I. I. Iskhakov

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 2000326
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Jing Dai ◽  
Chengzhi Li ◽  
Xiaobing Yu ◽  
Zhengliang Xue ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 447-456
Author(s):  
Zhenlong An ◽  
Jingbin Wang ◽  
Yanjun Liu ◽  
Yingli Liu ◽  
Xuefeng She ◽  
...  

AbstractThe top gas recycling-oxygen blast furnace (TGR-OBF) is a reasonable method used to reduce both coke rate and energy consumption in the steel industry. An important feature of this process is shaft gas injection. This article presents an experimental study on the gas–solid flow characteristics in a TGR-OBF using a two-dimensional cold model. The experimental conditions and parameters were determined using a series of similarity criteria. The results showed that the whole flow area in the TGR-OBF can be divided into four distinct flow zones, namely, the stagnant zone, the plug flow zone in the upper part of the shaft, the converging flow zone and the quasi-stagnant flow zone, which is similar to that in a traditional blast furnace. Then the effects of batch weight and the ratio (X) of the shaft injected gas flow rate to the total gas flow rate on solid flow behaviour were investigated in detail. With the increase in batch weight, the shape of the stagnant zone tends to be shorter and thicker. Furthermore, with the increase in X value from 0 to 1, the stagnant zone gradually becomes thinner and higher. The results obtained from the experiments provide fundamental data and a validation for the discrete element method–computational fluid dynamics-coupled mathematical model for TGR-OBFs for future studies.


Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayuan Song ◽  
Zeyi Jiang ◽  
Cheng Bao ◽  
Anjun Xu

High CO2 emissions and energy consumption have greatly restricted the development of China’s iron and steel industry. Two alternative ironmaking processes, top gas recycling-oxygen blast furnace (TGR-OBF) and COREX®, can reduce CO2 emissions and coking coal consumption in the steel industry when compared with a conventional blast furnace (BF). To obtain parameters on the material flow of these processes, two static process models for TGR-OBF and COREX were established. Combining the operating data from the Jingtang steel plant with established static process models, this research presents a detailed analysis of the material flows, metallurgical gas generation and consumption, electricity consumption and generation, comprehensive energy consumption, and CO2 emissions of three integrated steel plants (ISP) equipped with the BF, TGR-OBF, and COREX, respectively. The results indicated that the energy consumption of an ISP with the TGR-OBF was 16% and 16.5% lower than that of a conventional ISP and an ISP with the COREX. Compared with a conventional ISP, the coking coal consumption in an ISP with the TGR-OBF and an ISP with the COREX were reduced by 39.7% and 100% respectively. With the International Energy Agency factor, the ISP with the TGR-OBF had the lowest net CO2 emissions, which were 10.8% and 35.0% lower than that of a conventional ISP and an ISP with the COREX. With the China Grid factor, the conventional ISP had the lowest net CO2 emissions—2.8% and 24.1% lower than that of an ISP with the TGR-OBF and an ISP with the COREX, respectively.


2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2019) ◽  
pp. 42-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-fan Chai ◽  
Jian-liang Zhang ◽  
Qiu-jun Shao ◽  
Xiao-jun Ning ◽  
Kai-di Wang

AbstractThe actual combustion rate of pulverized coal in the blast furnace tuyere is hard to be measured. In this research, the combustion rate of pulverized coal injected into oxygen blast furnace was obtained by a new equipment. This equipment can simulate the actual blast furnace well, and the relationship between pulverized coal injection (PCI) ratio and AO/C was established by mathematical deduction. The experimental results show that the best combustibility of the four pulverized coals is C, and when the coal injection ratio is 350 kg/tHM, the combustion rate can be reached 79%, while the combustion rate of B in the same case is only 45.6%. With the increase of AO/C, the relative amount of oxygen to coal increases, the combustion conditions become better, and combustion rate of the pulverized coal increases. In addition, under the condition of high temperature and rapid combustion, with the increase of coal’s volatile, the combustion rate increases and the corresponding PCI ratio is also increased. By using the new equipment, the unburned coal under the oxygen blast furnace conditions can be collected for further study.


Energy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 144-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianzhi Liu ◽  
Zeyi Jiang ◽  
Xinru Zhang ◽  
Yuanxiang Lu ◽  
Junkai He ◽  
...  

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