Modeling the process of calculating indicators of thermal efficiency of state district power station equipment

During the operation of state district power station, it is necessary to calculate the technical and economic performance (TEP) of the equipment operation based on the results of measuring the parameters of heat carrier flows. In particular, such tasks are solved during thermal (balance, functional) tests of heat and power equipment, as well as during the preparation of monthly technical reports of the state district power station on thermal efficiency. Therefore, the urgent task is to develop the model of calculating the indicators of the thermal efficiency of the equipment of the state district power station using modern computerized tools. Methods of business processes modelling, and mathematical modeling are used to solve this problem. The developed model of the project is based on the principles and approaches of systems analysis. The model is adapted to a specific subject area and allows you to optimize the process of calculating the key parameters of the efficiency of the state district power station operation: power plant capacity, heat load, specific fuel consumption and overall efficiency of the power plant. An information system model was developed to automate the process of calculating the TEP to ensure a more economic operation of equipment due to reducing the time and cost of this process.Based on the analysis of the developed models, a project was developed to automate the process of TEP calculating to ensure more economical equipment operation, to predict equipment repair, and assess the quality of operating personnel work. The paper presents the architecture of the solution of the information system for TEP accounting, the model of the subsystem of calculation modules, the structural diagram of the operation of the data collection module, the interface of designed information system. The developed model of the project for automation of the TPE calculation process allows us to increase the efficiency of the enterprise due to increasing the efficiency and promptness of managerial decisions, reducing fuel costs, saving on consumables, and personnel cuts.

Taxonomic structure of the zoobenthos of the Lukoml GRES cooling reservoir

The species composition of zoobenthos in the heated and non-heated zones of the cooling lake Lukoml State District Power Station was studied. 80 taxa of bottom animals have been registered, and two new species of chironomid larvae have been identified. The bottom fauna includes a protected relict species of Pallaseopsis qudrispinosa, which is preserved in the conditions of warming.it is listed in the Red book of Belarus and the alien species – freshwater shrimp Macrobrachium nipponense. The high taxonomic diversity indicates that the Lukoml State District Power Station operation has little impact on the bottom community throughout the lake’s water area. However, species richness is reduced locally by half in the zone of influence of heated water discharge, especially in summer. Under the influence of heating, the taxonomic structure and spatial distribution at different depths change.

Morphology and biology of Bromopsis inermis (Leyss.) Holub in culture conditions at the ash dump of the Sredneuralskaya State District Power Station

The article presents the results of Bromopsis inermis (Leyss.) Holub study under cultivation conditionsat the ash dump of the Sredneuralskaya state regional power station (SUGRES) located in the taiga zone. Studies haveshown that rehabilitation activities at the ash dump of SUGRES created favorable conditions for the growth of plants.Bromopsis inermis is the most promising for growing on ashes with the application of peat. The biological feature of thisspecies is the development of a powerful root system with a sufficient content of mineral nutrition elements in the peatand intensive shoot formation, which contributed to its active vegetative renewal and the creation of long-lasting (morethan 20 years) productive culture phytocenoses.

The effect of the substrate on the anatomical and morphophysiological parameters of Pimpinella saxifraga L. on the ash dump

The structural and functional features of the species Pimpinella saxifraga L., which grows in the ash dumpof the Verkhnetagil State District Power Station, were investigated, compared with the natural habitat. We studied suchindicators as biomass distribution, parameters of the leaf mesostructure (the area and thickness of the leaf blade, thethickness of the mesophyll and epidermis, the size of cells and chloroplasts and their number per unit area of the leaf, thenumber of chloroplasts in cell, etc.). Pimpinella saxifraga, growing on the ash dump, showed a change in morphologicalparameters, compared with the control: a decrease in the weight of the roots, an increase in the weight of the aerialorgans, a decrease in the area of the leaf blade and the thickness of the leaf. The structural adaptation of mesophyll toenvironmental conditions consisted in changing the number and size of cells without changing the parameters of theplastid apparatus (number and size of chloroplasts). The properties of the substrate did not significantly influence on theinternal leaf area. Such adaptive changes allows this species to grow on technogenic substrates.

Phytoplankton of the cooling waterbody of the Lukoml state district power station under changing anthropogenic load

The paper presents the results of long-term research of phytoplankton of the cooling waterbody of the Lukoml state district power station (Belarus). The dynamics of abundance, biomass, community structure, and composition of the dominant phytoplankton species for the period of 1972 – 2019 were analyzed. The stages of development of the plankton algae community are determined, due to changes in the intensity and direction of anthropogenic factors. The response of phytoplankton to changes in heat load and dependence on the development of the population of Dreissena polymorpha Pallas is shown. The influence of the fish rearing complex on the developmental intensity and phytoplankton structure was revealed. Since 2004, the periods of intensive vegetation of algae alternate with a significant decrease in abundance and biomass, which indicates the unstable state of the ecosystem of the cooling waterbody. The succession of the dominant complex in 2019 was characterized by the loss of the species Aphanizomenon flos-aquae Ralfs ex Bornet & Flahault (family Nostocaceae) and the inclusion of the species Planktothrix agardhii (Gomont) Anagnostidis & Komárek (family Oscillatoriaceae).

The Anthropogenic and Natural Factors’ Impact on Water Quality in Cooling Pools (the Lake Gusinoye as a Study Case)

The materials of the expedition of the Faculty of Geography of Moscow State University on Lake Gusinoye in August 2019 made it possible to assess the hydrological structure of the lake, the distribution of the flow of the main tributaries and wastewater from the Gusinoozerskaya state district power station. An analysis of the distribution of the chemical components and nutrients showed that dynamic mixing plays a significant role in the lake regime. The increase in the content of nutrients and mineralization components is insignificant and is determined by the flow of municipal sewage from settlements, from former quarries and mines, and mineralized groundwater.