Policies seek to attract film-makers to Latin America

Significance For film crews trained in Latin America and seeking to create their own domestic projects, this model also affords the possibility of attempting to persuade international film companies to shoot their films abroad. Impacts Puerto Rico will leverage its dollar economy and comparative stability to attract productions set in other regional locations. Fiscal issues, such as COVID-19-related spending constraints, could limit tax incentives at least during the pandemic recovery period. The presence of international production companies and investments may benefit local film industries as well as tourism promotion.

Comparative Stability of Two Anti-Hyperpigmentation Agents: Kojic Acid as a Natural Metabolite and Its Di-Palmitate Ester, Under Oxidative Stress; Application to Pharmaceutical Formulation Design

Purpose: Kojic acid a natural metabolite (KA) and its dipalmitate ester, kojic acid dipalmitate (Kadp) are both prescribed to treat skin hyperpigmentation. Stress test reveals the intrinsic stability of active ingredients and leads to selection of the suitable formulations. This research evaluates the comparative stability of KA and its di-palmitate ester under liquid oxidative stress. Methods: The HPLC-UV/PDA method with a C18 column was utilized. Liquid oxidative stress was induced using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Degradation was separately induced for each drug, and they were compared to each other. Results: Kadp degraded more rapidly in similar liquid oxidative stress conditions than KA did. The superior degradation model was the first order for both drugs based on the MPE values, indicating the dependency of the reaction rate on the initial concentration of the reactive substance. Ring opening was proposed as the most possible theory for KA and Kadp oxidative degradation. Conclusion: It is suggested to use KA instead of Kadp in less stable formulations, such as extemporaneous preparations. The incorporation of antioxidant excipients in Kadp formulations is recommended for yielding better stability results. Formulating Kadp in the internal phase of o/w emulsion formulations may protect this susceptive molecule from oxidative degradation during the shelf life of the pharmaceutical preparation. Further studies are required to study the exact mechanism of the degradation process.

Party, Peace, and Caciquismo

This chapter identifies the processes by which Veracruz moved from violent political and social fragmentation to comparative stability and central discipline. It charts a new level of control by civilian politicians over the networks of soldiers and pistoleros who had previously taken over much of the state, and the emergence of a modus vivendi between weary peasant communities and landowners. Competitive elections declined precipitously, peasants were cut out of political posts at all levels and unions consolidated their control over the work force. Caciquismo endured, and remained as in the rest of Mexico key to political bargaining and central control. Yet while the state government remained incapable of efficient tax collection, this was compensated by dramatic economic growth, police professionalization and federal support for infrastructure and other public goods from the veracruzano camarilla in the national government.

Research of the microseismicity location algorithm

In this paper, we propose the algorithm for locating microseismic events by the method of directed summation of energy envelopes over a network of stations. The algorithm is based on a back projection technology, which allows visualizing the intensity of seismic emission by layer. A comparative stability and robustness analysis of the proposed method with the method using the semblance is carried out.