Beta-sarcoglycan-deficient muscular dystrophy presenting as chronic bronchopneumonia in a young cat

Case summaryA 5-month-old cat was evaluated for a 3 week history of cough, nasal discharge, decreased appetite and weight loss. Musculoskeletal examination was normal and serum creatine kinase (CK) activity was within the reference interval. The cat was treated during the next 10 months for chronic, persistent pneumonia. Weakness then became apparent, the cat developed dysphagia and was euthanized. Post-mortem evaluation revealed chronic aspiration pneumonia and muscular dystrophy associated with beta (β)-sarcoglycan deficiency.Relevance and novel informationThis is the first report of a cat with muscular dystrophy presenting for chronic pneumonia without obvious megaesophagus, dysphagia or prominent neuromuscular signs until late in the course of the disease. The absence of gait abnormalities, marked muscle atrophy or hypertrophy and normal serum CK activity delayed the diagnosis in this cat with β-sarcoglycan deficiency.

Pathological description of naturally occurring Mycoplasma bovis associated pneumonia in bovine calves

Mycoplasma bovis is an important etiologic agent of bovine respiratory infection and predominantly causing chronic pneumonic lesion. The present study encompassed standardized pathological, immunohistological and molecular technique for diagnosing natural bovine pneumonic cases with Mycoplasma bovis associated lesions. During the study, examination of 87 carcasses putatively died of pneumonia where Mycoplasma bovis was ascertained in two bovine female calves by immunohistological staining and Polymerase chain reaction. The specific pathological lesions were noted as chronic bronchopneumonia with mild to moderate caseonecrotic lesion and suppurative bronchopneumonia typical of Pasteurella infection. The other bacterial organism associated with these cases was found to be of Pasteurella multocida detected on isolation. No viral etiological association was detected in immunohistological examination in respect of bovine parainfluenza type 3, bovine respiratory syncytial virus and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus. The result also revealed that M bovis infection may develop into a severe necrosuppurative bronchopneumonia when associated with high numbers of intralesional organism and into mild catarrhal bronchointerstitial pneumonia when associated with low numbers of organism.

The daily rhythm of activity of corporal biologically active points of cattle in control, with chronic bronchopneumonia and castration

Bioenergy studies have shown that daily rhythms of activity of corporate biologically active points of cattle in clinically healthy animals, with chronic bronchopneumonia and castration differ significantly. The current imbalance of life energy in internal organs of animals in accordance with the internal biological clock registers depending on the pathology in the vital points of the nearest part of the body in relation to the epicenter of the stress factor. So, in chronic bronchopneumonia, it is the canal of the lungs, and when castrated, it is the bladder. Biologically active points 52, 51, 10 - 17, 21, 24 and 97 were the most informative. According to the results of the experiment, “corridor of the norm” of life points biopotentials is approximately 9 – 10 µa. Test voltage up to 2 V was recorded in healthy and up to 3 V - in sick animals.

Mycoplasma bovispneumonia in cattle

Mycoplasma bovisis an important and emerging cause of respiratory disease and arthritis in feedlot cattle and young dairy and veal calves, and has a variety of other disease manifestations in cattle.M. bovisis certainly capable of causing acute respiratory disease in cattle, yet the attributable fraction has been difficult to estimate. In contrast,M. bovisis more accepted as a cause of chronic bronchopneumonia with caseous and perhaps coagulative necrosis, characterized by persistent infection that seems poorly responsive to many antibiotics. An understanding of the disease has been recently advanced by comparisons of natural and experimentally induced disease, development of molecular diagnostic tools, and understanding some aspects of virulence, yet uncertainties regarding protective immunity, the importance of genotypic diversity, mechanisms of virulence, and the role of co-pathogens have restricted our understanding of pathogenesis and our ability to effectively control the disease. This review critically considers the relationship betweenM. bovisinfection and the various manifestations of the bovine respiratory disease complex, and addresses the pathogenesis, clinical and pathologic sequelae, laboratory diagnosis and control of disease resulting fromM. bovisinfection in the bovine respiratory tract.