The Appropriate Calculation Cost of Goods Manufactured as Pricing Strategy for Small Sized Enterprises (SMEs)

This research aims to identify all production costs incurred in production, to calculate the cost of goods manufactured correctly using the Process Costing Method and decision making for determining the selling price of shoes. The research was taken in one of small-sized enterprises shoe factory in East Karawang. The research method is descriptive comparative with a qualitative approach. The descriptive method is used to describe the production costs incurred in the production process including the raw materials costs, supporting materials costs, labor costs, and factory overhead costs. In this research, the data used are primary and secondary data. The COGM calculation results in show that there is variance calculation between company system and process costing method. It is due to calculations that companies do not identify production costs in detail, therefore the company’s COGM calculation is inaccurate. The COGM calculation appropriately can be the company’s strategy to determine the selling price. so that company profits can continue to increase.

An Analysis of Employee Satisfaction as a Reliable Predictor of Employee Retention in MNCS Working in India.

Today, the constantly changing environment, global competition, the nature of work made companies to realize the importance of employee satisfaction for the success of organization. Now-days the competitive advantage of most companies on global market lies in the ability to create a profit driven not only by cost efficiency, but by the ideas and intellectual know-how. The networked and knowledge-based environment made the intangible assets like skills, relations and reputations of highest value. Employee satisfaction is the pleasurable emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one’s jobs as achieving or facilities the achievement of one’s job values. It is a measure of workers contentedness with their job. Every industry has different business environment, different policies for employment and different compensation measures. With the objective to analyzing the influencing factors, best policies of job satisfaction and its impact on business growth, the author decided to investigate the level of employee satisfaction in six industries namely: INFOSYS, HCL, Technologies Tech Mahindra, Oracle Financial Services, Wipro and Tata Consultancy Services. The researcher prepared questionnaire for the employees and get it filled from 303 respondents from these industries. In order to find level of satisfaction among employees of different industries, it was subjected to T-test statistical tool for variance calculation. The study concluded with the statement that the HR policies are different in different industries. The way they are implemented in different organizations has a great impact on employee satisfaction and retention.

Efektivitas Strategi Hedging Menggunakan Kontrak Indeks Lq45 Futures dalam Meminimalisasi Risiko Sistematis Portofolio

Investor can make hedging to the systematic risk or market risk by using LQ45 index futures contract whose value comparable to the share portfolio value they have. This research had the purpose to prove used the LQ45 index futures contract in minimize the portfolio systematic risk. In this research used LQ45 index as the proxy on the portfolio have been properly diversified. Data used in this research were LQ45 index daily value data and the daily closing price of LQ45 index futures with 2004-2005 research period. Testing was conducted by comparing the portfolio return hedged variance to the portfolio return unhedged variance. Calculation of hedging effectiveness used LQ45 index futures contract as much as -9%, negative hedging effectiveness calculation due to the portfolio return hedged variance larger than portfolio return unhedged variance or, in the other words the risk in the futures market was larger than the risk in the spot market. Thus, the LQ45 index futures contract was ineffective to use as the hedging strategy in minimize the portfolio systematic risk

Within-Laboratory Variance Outlier Detection: An Alternative to Cochran’s Test

SummaryAn important step in the full definition of an analytical method is the characterization of the within and between laboratory variability. This is typically done through collaborative studies involving multiple laboratories. The statistical analysis of the results of collaborative studies is generally carried out using standardized protocols such as those given in ISO 5725-2 or ASTM E691-14.One aspect of the evaluation of collaborative studies is the identification of outlying laboratories which are then excluded from the variance calculation associated with the analytical method. Whether particular laboratories are identified as outliers can have a dramatic effect on the calculated variances.The generally recommended approach to identify laboratories with excessive within-laboratory variation is Cochran’s Test or something similar. However, Cochran’s Test is very sensitive to non-normality of the underlying statistical distribution. When the assumption of normality is violated, Cochran’s Test can wrongly identify laboratories as outliers at much greater than the nominally stated error rate, even for deviations from normality that are very difficult to detect analytically.In this paper, an alternative to Cochran’s Test, adapted from Levene’s Test, is proposed and shown to approximately maintain the stated error rate when the underlying distribution is not normal. This newly adapted test is recommended for future collaborative study analysis in place of Cochran’s Test.

Research on the Recursive Method of Real Time Variance Calculation for Non-Zero Mean Value Data

In the area of manufacturing and industrial engineering, variance calculation is the basic method to monitor the performance of instrument. The new improved method of real-time variance calculation is put forward in this paper to calculate the variance of experiment data, despite of zero or non-zero mean value data, Then it is possible to calculate the variance of any kind data at real time without save the historical data. Experiment results shows that the new method for calculate the variance can greatly improve the calculating efficiency with high precision..

Real-Time Variance Calculation Method for Synchronous System Clock Based on Adaptive Exponential Smoothing

An adaptive clock variance calculation algorithm is designed to improve the real-time characteristics and complexity of general method. This algorithm use the latency and smoothing characteristics of exponential smoothing to achieve real-time calculation online. Using this algorithm, synchronous system can response to environmental changes in a short time. The test result shows that the real-time characteristics and output robustness can be improved obviously.