PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF A NANOCOMPOSITE HYDROGEL COATING ON A TEXTILE CARRIER FOR THE WOUND TREATMENT

Нанотехнологии с использованием биополимеров находят широкое применение в биомедицинских приложениях. В данной работе разработаны нанокомпозитные гидрогели на основе природных (хитозан, карбоксиметилцеллюлоза) и синтетических (поливиниловый спирт) полимеров с наночастицами серебра для нанесения на текстильный носитель. В качестве сшивающих реагентов при создании гидрогелей использовали диальдегид карбоксиметилцеллюлозы и борную кислоту. Были определены физико-химические свойства (сорбционная способность при одностороннем контакте с модельной средой, степень набухания, паропроницаемость, капиллярность) гидрогелевых покрытий на текстильном носителе, и кинетика выхода лекарственных веществ (лидокаин, диоксидин), включенных в состав гидрогелей. Показано, что материалы с двухслойным покрытием характеризуются более высокими сорбционными свойствами по отношению к физиологическому раствору и более длительным выходом лекарственных средств, чем материалы с однослойным покрытием. Выход лекарственных веществ из двухслойных покрытий происходит в два этапа с максимальным высвобождением в течение двух суток. Полученные текстильные материалы с пленочным нанокомпозитным гидрогелевым покрытием могут найти применение в качестве перевязочных средств при лечении ран. Nanotechnologies using biopolymers are widely used in biomedical applications. In this work, nanocomposite hydrogels based on natural (chitosan, carboxymethylcellulose) and synthetic (polyvinyl alcohol) polymers with silver nanoparticles for application to a textile carrier have been developed. Carboxymethylcellulose dialdehyde and boric acid were used as crosslinking reagents in the creation of hydrogels. Physicochemical properties (sorption capacity in unilateral contact with the model medium, degree of swelling, vapor permeability, capillarity) of hydrogel coatings on a textile carrier, and the kinetics of the drugs release (lidocaine, dioxidine) included in the hydrogels were determined. It is shown that materials with a two-layer coating are characterized by higher sorption properties relative to saline and a longer release of drugs than materials with a single-layer coating. The release of drugs from the two-layer coatings occurs in two stages with a maximum release within two days. The obtained textile materials with a film nanocomposite hydrogel coating can be used as dressings in the treatment of wounds.

A tough nitric oxide-eluting hydrogel coating suppresses neointimal hyperplasia on vascular stent

Vascular stent is viewed as one of the greatest advancements in interventional cardiology. However, current approved stents suffer from in-stent restenosis associated with neointimal hyperplasia or stent thrombosis. Herein, we develop a nitric oxide-eluting (NOE) hydrogel coating for vascular stents inspired by the biological functions of nitric oxide for cardiovascular system. Our NOE hydrogel is mechanically tough and could selectively facilitate the adhesion of endothelial cells. Besides, it is non-thrombotic and capable of inhibiting smooth muscle cells. Transcriptome analysis unravels the NOE hydrogel could modulate the inflammatory response and induce the relaxation of smooth muscle cells. In vivo study further demonstrates vascular stents coated with it promote rapid restoration of native endothelium, and persistently suppress inflammation and neointimal hyperplasia in both leporine and swine models. We expect such NOE hydrogel will open an avenue to the surface engineering of vascular implants for better clinical outcomes.

HYDROGEL ANTIBACTERIAL COATING FOR SILICONE MEDICAL DEVICES

Effective antibacterial coatings are in demand in medicine, especially for urological medical devices such as catheters and stents. We propose the production method of an antibacterial hydrogel coating on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS, silicone), a popular surface for medical materials. The coating process consists of the following steps: PDMS surface activation (introduction of hydroxyl groups), silanisation (introduction of amine groups) and application of chitosan/alginate hydrogel with the addition of lysozyme as an antibacterial agent using the layer-by-layer method. We investigated the effect of polyion concentration on the coating mass, swelling ratio and stability. We analysed the adsorption of Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli and Proteus rettgeri on a PDMS surface using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The chitosan/alginate hydrogel coating with immobilised lysozyme protected the PDMS surface against adhesion for all three tested bacterial strains.