Poznámky k problematice interiéru nezděných staveb středověkého Brna (konfrontace archeologických poznatků a mikromorfologické analýzy podlahových úrovní vybraných staveb)

The study summarises the basic findings regarding non-masonry buildings in medieval Brno and the prospects for further knowledge. A modern methodological approach in the form of micromorphology in an archaeological context, particularly regarding the interiors of these buildings, was used to add more information. From more than 200 micromorphological samples taken in Brno since 2008, a total of 16 from five sites in the historical centre of the city were selected for this partial study. Temporally, this concerns the period between the early 13th and the mid-14th centuries. The basic outcome of the study is the analysis, interpretation and division of the samples into typological groups. Based on typical features, sunken parts of the structures used for a relatively long time could be divided from the above-ground structures even though in some cases the “floor sandwich” had been partly removed due to ongoing maintenance. Finally, the results were confronted with a macroscopic observation by an archaeologist and with ethnographic knowledge. It was possible to identify the more detailed microstratigraphy of the floor sandwiches than by macroscopic observations in most cases and therefore specify the interpretation of the origin of the floor sandwich.

Strip on elastic foundation described by different models, loaded by evenly distributed load

The problem of changing the size of the reactive pressures perceived by a strip at use of various models of the soil foundation and at various indicators of flexibility of the “strip-soil” system is investigated. The aim of the work is to obtain the form of plots of reactive pressures produced by the soil foundation on a strip loaded along its entire length with a uniformly distributed load. In determining the values ​​of reactive pressures and values ​​of bending moments, the data of a previously published work of one of the authors of the article, based on V.N. Zhemochkin method, is used. Analysis of the obtained calculation results showed that the shape of the plot of reactive pressures largely depends on both the index of flexibility of the foundation and the index of flexibility of the “strip-soil” system. The novelty of the research is that the calculation results are obtained using the traditional method of calculation (i.e., without taking into account the joint work of the “strip-soil” system and using 3 models of the soil base: linearly deformable half-plane, linearly deformable layer of finite thicknesses and the Winkler model. The obtained results of calculation will allow to design ground structures on the elastic foundation.

Promising tomato hybrids for summer-autumn turnover in protected ground in Dagestan

Relevance. The region continues to build new industrial greenhouses every year, as well as mass construction of winter film greenhouses in the farms of the population of Flat and foothill Dagestan. Today, there are more than 250 hectares of them.Methods. Experimental work was carried out in the greenhouse of LLC Agro-AS in 2019-2020. Carried out selection and evaluation of promising hybrids of tomato for the summer-autumn turnover in greenhouses. Studied the duration of interphase periods, estimated the percentage of fruit set in the inflorescence, determined the yield of tomato hybrids, and calculated the most economically promising ones for the natural and climatic conditions of Dagestan.Results. For the first time in the conditions of flat Dagestan, the following experimental data are proved the main elements of industrial technology for obtaining a high yield of tomatoes in protected ground structures using low-volume hydroponic technology on a coconut substrate were experimentally justified; highly productive tomato hybrids were identified for various protected ground structures; F1 hybrids were distinguished by good yield from the second decade of September to the second decade of December; hybrids such as Men-Shuai F1 and Mamston F1 provided 24.3 kg/m2 and 23.1 kg/m2 , respectively, according to the highest percentage of fruit setting, as well as the total and commercial yield. The term of planting seedlings in the substrate in the summer and autumn turnover in the conditions of the suburbs of Makhachkala on July 10 is economically effective, which ensures a high yield and net income per unit area. At the selling price of tomato fruits of 100-110 rubles per 1 kg, the profitability of production, depending on the timing of harvesting and sales, was 100-122%.