Cosmogony in the Perspective of the Prophet of Muhammad’s Utterances

The study reports on a version of the cosmogonic information amidst the various chronicle stories of the world's great tribes. The Prophet Muhammad's version of cosmogony has dimensions of transcendentalism. The version also contains the actual value of the Islamic faith, rather than just a myth. The study uses qualitative with library research, and the data were sourced from nine standard hadith books, at digital ‘Lidwa Pustaka-I’ Software ‘Kitab 9 Imam Hadith’ (2009). The study applied thematic and chronological methods to describe how the universe has begun, created a shape until the end of its existence. Allah has created the universe from ‘nothing’ into ‘existence’. Based on His mercy, pre-designed was pitch black at the beginning of the world’s creation. Light arose simultaneously with the process of the occurring part of the universe. The findings reveal that the entire contents of the universe designated as facilities for life where the earth is helpful for human life. At one point, nature will shrink because Allah grasps it, the layout of every celestial body changes completely, and its aftermath is unknown to humans. Abstrak: Kajian ini melaporkan informasi pada sebuah versi kosmogonik di tengah berbagai kisah kronik suku-suku besar dunia. Kosmogoni versi Nabi Muhammad SAW memiliki dimensi transendentalisme. Versi tersebut juga memuat nilai aktual dari akidah Islam, bukan sekedar mitos. Penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif dengan studi kepustakaan, dan data bersumber dari sembilan kitab hadis standar, pada software digital 'Lidwa Pustaka-I' 'Kitab 9 Imam Hadith' (2009). Kajian ini menerapkan metode tematik dan kronologis untuk menggambarkan bagaimana alam semesta dimulai, diciptakan dan dibentuk hingga akhir keberadaannya. Allah telah menciptakan alam semesta dari 'tidak ada' menjadi 'ada'. Berdasarkan rahmat-Nya, pra-desain dalam keadaan gelap gulita pada awal penciptaan dunia. Cahaya muncul bersamaan dengan proses terjadinya alam semesta. Temuan penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa seluruh isi alam semesta ditetapkan sebagai fasilitas kehidupan dan bumi bermanfaat bagi kehidupan manusia. Pada suatu saat, alam akan menyusut karena Allah menggenggamnya, tata letak setiap benda angkasa berubah total, dan akibatnya tidak diketahui manusia. Kata-kata kunci: kosmogoni, perspektif, sabda Nabi

Adalékok Janus Pannonius De stella aestivo meridie visa című elégiájának értelmezéséhez

Mindmáig nem jutott nyugvópontra a kutatás azon kérdésben, hogy milyen égitest tűnik föl Janus Pannonius De stella aestivo meridie visa című elégiájában. Bollók János az égitestet az 1462 nyarán Kínában megfigyelt üstökössel azonosította. Álláspontját azonban kétkedés fogadta, s az elégiát elemző újabb tanulmányok a Venus bolygóval való azonosítás mellett foglalnak állást. Tanulmányunkban a kutatásban eleddig figyelmen kívül hagyott irodalmi párhuzamok vizsgálatával amellett érvelünk, hogy a leírás üstököst kíván ábrázolni. Megvizsgáljuk Tito Vespasiano Strozzi Borsias című eposzának hasonló tárgyú leírását, s kimutatjuk, hogy a kedvező hatású üstökösökről vallott asztrológiai fölfogása azonos volt Januséval. Ezt erősítik meg a Matteo Maria Boiardo eclogáiban föllelhető, Janustól származó kölcsönzések is. Úgyszintén figyelmen kívül hagyta a kutatás T. Calpurnius Siculus 1. eclogájának jótékony hatású üstökösét. A szövegszerű megfelelések vizsgálatával megkíséreljük igazolni, hogy ez az ecloga Janus elégiájának egyik fontos előképe volt, s hatása nemcsak az üstökös leírásában, hanem az elégia aranykori motívumokat megidéző fohászkodásában is kimutatható.So far there is no unanimity among researchers concerning the identification of the celestial body appearing in Janus Pannonius’ elegy De stella aestivo meridie visa. János Bollók identified it with the comet observed in China in the summer of 1462. However, his view was not generally accepted, and recent studies on the elegy have argued for an identification with the planet Venus. Based on the analysis of literary parallels so far left out of consideration, in our paper we claim that the description aimed to depict a comet. We examine the similar description found in Tito Vespasiano Strozzi’s epic poem Borsias and show that his astrological views on comets with a beneficial influence were the same as that of Janus. This is further supported by the expressions taken over from Janus in the eclogues of Matteo Maria Boiardo. Researchers have also neglected the beneficial comet in Eclogue I of T. Calpurnius Siculus. Based on the examination of textual parallels we aim to prove that this eclogue was an important model for the elegy of Janus – its influence can not only be detected in the description of the comet but also in the invocation in the elegy alluding to motives of the Golden Age.

“The Star of Venusˮ in Russian poetry of the 20th century: mythopoetic symbolism

Being a part of the astronomical, temporal, anthropomorphic linguocultural codes, Venus as a celestial body has a significant place in the Russian verbal culture. This statement can be proved not only when analysing linguistic units, but also when referring to literary works, in particular to Russian lyric poetry. Twenty four poetic contexts, which include the image of Venus, have been analysed in the article (the works by Alexander Pushkin, Georgy Adamovich, Pavel Antokolsky, Leonid Martynov, Mikhail Zenkevich, Alexander Blok, Vyacheslav Ivanov, Nikolay Gumilyov, Marina Tsvetaeva, Fyodor Sologub, Mikhail Kuzmin, Georgy Shengeli, Ilya Selvinsky, Konstantin Simonov, Anatoliy Demyanov). The authors focus on the Russian 20th century lyric poetry because it is there that Venus appears as a star rather than a planet, and this corresponds to the archaic notions of this celestial body. Mercury and Mars are also called 'stars' in the 20th century poetry, but in a much smaller number of contexts than Venus. The authors come to the conclusion that Venus in Russian poets’ works can symbolise the onset of morning / evening, love, paradise, loneliness, fate, youth, old age, life journey. Moreover, Venus is included into poetic conceptions (it corresponds to the image of the Beautiful Lady in Alexander Blok’s poetry). The set of the above-mentioned symbolic meanings correlates with the archaic notions of Venus, widens them and makes the image of this celestial body mythopoetic.

Testing the Functionality and Applicability of Smart Devices for a Handheld Celestial Navigation System

In this paper, the functionality and applicability of smart devices for the purpose of handheld celestial navigation systems is investigated. The main instrument used to determine observer position (altitude measurements) in celestial navigation is the sextant. The use of a sextant and almanac or computer is a classical approach to determining the observer's celestial position. This approach has two significant limitations, firstly the time window for the measurements is short, and secondly, the view of the ocean horizon must be clear. With the use of smart devices, we can overcome these two obstacles and create a so-called handheld celestial navigation system. Currently, smart devices have very accurate sensors to measure various physical quantities such as acceleration, angular velocity, orientation, etc. We are particularly interested in validating the orientation sensor for measuring the altitude and azimuth of the celestial body. The altitude of the celestial body is the primary parameter in determining the celestial position using a sextant. The idea is to replace the sextant with a smart device to measure the altitude and possibly the azimuth of the celestial body. To test this idea, two types of experiments are designed. In the first, a system on a tripod to obtain the most accurate measurements possible is set. Such tests will provide detailed information about the accuracy of the smart device's sensors and its applicability in measuring altitude and azimuth. The test system will essentially resemble a theodolite device. In the second experiment, a hands-free measurement experiment that resembles a sextant to test the idea for practical use and functionality in the process of celestial positioning is set. The observed data show that the results of the measurements under controlled conditions are promising and within reasonable bounds for the accuracy of celestial positioning. Estimates of the position error by the graphical method are in the range of 10 Nm to 30 Nm. In order to obtain a fully functional stand-alone celestial positioning system, the proposed assembly needs to be improved through several unchallenging upgrades. A fully functional system can be considered as a cheap off-the-shelf handheld Celestial Navigational System (CNS).

Celestial Sex

This paper explores the origins of the Anabaptist doctrine of the “celestial flesh,” which conceived Christ as generated purely out of the substance of the Godhead and thus possessing an entirely “celestial body.” It argues that the origins of this doctrine lie in late medieval alchemical tracts adapted in Paracelsus’s Liber de Sancta Trinitate of 1524, according to which God has a body of heavenly flesh out of which he brings forth a heavenly woman. Through their sexually conceived union the eternal son is begotten and born with a celestial body.