Trends in Development of Integrated Transport Schemes for Cities

The article discusses the process of planning the work of urban transport operations in the form of an integrated transport scheme (ITS), which is the transport part of the master plan for development of a city, and studies organization of urban transport. The objective of the article is to formulate the main directions of developments in the field of transport planning based on modern domestic and foreign experience and knowledge, and on retrospective analysis of changes in the field of urban transport planning.The methodology is presented for the conditions prevailing in the Russian Federation, the peculiarity of which comprise a relatively late (compared to European countries and the USA), but rapidly developing motorization of the country, a change in qualifications of specialists working in the field of urban transport planning, a certain loss of experience and skills in development of ITS in recent years.The suggested conclusions represent a brief description of the concept of a common toolkit, a scheme and the most promising methods for developing approaches to development of integrated transport schemes and require further in-depth research in each specific segment.

Leachate Generation, Transport, and Control

This chapter will discuss in detail on the primary aspect influencing leachate generation, transport and control within the landfill area. The leachate generation will look into the various factors that contribute toward increment and reduction of water balance in the landfill cell cause by the physical, chemical and biological activities. The topic will include discuss on common methods and models for estimating water input and transformation into/inside the landfill layer. Meanwhile, leachate transport part would emphasis on the leachate movement and mobility due to the effect of waste percolation, moisture field capacity and the gravity pull. Dominant flow type and the effect upon solute transport as well as other landfill components would be emphasize within the discussion. Lastly, this chapter will elaborate on the conventional and advanced techniques that being utilized for the control of the leachate for further treatment system or as beneficial advantages in the landfill management system.