Psycho-pedagogical justification for importance of convergent learning skills development in students using the example of medical and multidisciplinary universities

The article presents the results of a study of individual learning styles - characteristics related to the category of soft skills. The study with the participation of applicants and students of a medical and multidisciplinary university was carried out in order to identify the importance of a learning style for the successful development of educational programs. It was revealed that the differences in the preferred style are related to the place of graduation from secondary school and the language of instruction. It is shown that there is a connection between the learning style and the effectiveness of mastering the educational program. Students with high academic scores apply more effective learning styles - convergence and assimilation. It was found that the medical university is gradually replacing unproductive learning styles with more effective ones. The results of the study raise the problem of the preparedness of school graduates to study at a university. The importance of pre-university training of applicants and improving the selection mechanisms for higher educational institutions is emphasized, since the current selection of future students through the Unified National Testing does not contribute to the screening of applicants with ineffective learning styles.

OSZE-Jahrbuch 2019

As the world’s largest regional organisation under Chapter VIII of the UN Charter, the OSCE also contributes to global security through regional conflict prevention and crisis management. In his introductory chapter, OSCE Secretary General Thomas Greminger addresses the question of how the OSCE can also contribute to the achievement of the 17 goals of the United Nations for sustainable development. The OSCE Yearbook 2019 also includes articles on domestic political developments in countries such as Armenia and Kazakhstan, and the work of the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine. There are also contributions on the monitoring of freedom of assembly by the OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights and the link between climate change and security, as well as the integration of heterogeneous societies as a means of conflict prevention, and China’s and the EU’s relations with Central Asia. A current selection of literature completes the volume.

Heritability of Teat Condition in Italian Holstein Friesian and Its Relationship with Milk Production and Somatic Cell Score

In spite of the impressive advancements observed on both management and genetic factors, udder health still represents one of most demanding objectives to be attained in the dairy cattle industry. Udder morphology and especially teat condition might represent the first physical barrier to pathogens’ access. The objectives of this study were to investigate the genetic component of teat condition and to elucidate its relationship with both milk yield and somatic cell scores in dairy cattle. Moreover, the effect of selection for both milk yield and somatic cell scores on teat condition was also investigated. A multivariate analysis was conducted on 10,776 teat score records and 30,160 production records from 2469 Italian Holstein cows. Three teat scoring traits were defined and included in the analysis. Heritability estimates for the teat score traits were moderate to low, ranging from 0.084 to 0.238. When teat score was based on a four-classes ordinal scoring, its genetic correlation with milk yields and somatic cell score were 0.862 and 0.439, respectively. The scale used to classify teat-end score has an impact on the magnitude of the estimates. Genetic correlations suggest that selection for milk yield could deteriorate teat health, unless more emphasis is given to somatic cell scores. Considering that both at national and international level, the current selection objectives are giving more emphasis to health traits, a further genetic deterioration in teat condition is not expected.

Features of the Selection Systems for Athletes-Candidates to the Ukrainian National Team for Participation in the Olympic Games (on the Example of Combat Sports)

The article presents the analysis of the peculiarities of the selection systems for athletes-candidates to the Ukrainian national team for participation in the Olympic Games (on the example of combat sports). The urgency of the work is due to the need to develop and implement a modern model of Olympic training in combat sports, which would allow the athletes to compete successfully in the international arena. The purpose of the study was to determine the features of the current selection systems for athletes-candidates to the Ukrainian national team to participate in the Olympic Games (on the example of combat sports). Material and methods. Theoretical analysis, generalization of literature and Internet data, documentary method allowed to identify trends in modern Olympic combat sports and analyze the selection systems governing the inclusion of Ukrainian athletes in the starting lineup of participants in the Olympic Games in modern combat sports (fencing, boxing, Free and Greco-Roman wrestling, judo, taekwondo, karate). Results and discussion. Most of the provisions of the selection systems for athletes-candidates to the Ukrainian national team to participate in the Olympic Games are similar. In most combat sports, selection is based on an analysis of the performances of athletes in national and international competitions, competitiveness and the results of personal fights with major rivals who will participate in the Olympic Games. Selection for the starting lineup of the team at the main competitions of the season or four-year Olympic cycle consists of several stages, each of which determines a different number of athletes-candidates for the national team. As the year of the next Olympic Games approaches, the number of candidates is decreasing proportionally. The peculiarity of all systems of national selection in modern Olympic combat sports is that the athlete needs to realize his (her) potential in almost every competition during the annual macrocycle, as it depends on the prospect of his inclusion in the starting lineup of the national team at major competitions. Taking into account the fact that the body's adaptive capabilities are limited, it is important to determine the appropriateness of the athlete's performance in a particular tournament, taking into account his (her) position in national and world rankings, and other conditions governing its inclusion in the starting lineup. Conclusion. Differences in the selection systems are the mechanisms for determining the starting lineups of the team in the main competitions of the season or four-year Olympic cycle (demonstration of a certain result or winning a place in a particular tournament, position in the world rankings, obtaining an Olympic license)

Resident selection for emergency medicine specialty training in Canada: A survey of existing practice with recommendations for programs, applicants, and references

ABSTRACTObjectiveLittle is known about how the Royal College of Emergency Medicine (RCEM) residency programs are selecting their residents. This creates uncertainty regarding alignment between current selection processes and known best practices. We seek to describe the current selection processes of Canadian RCEM programs.MethodsAn online survey was distributed to all RCEM program directors and assistant directors. The survey instrument included 22 questions and sought both qualitative and quantitative data from the following six domains: application file, letters of reference, elective selection, interview, rank order, and selection process evaluation.ResultsWe received responses from 13 of 14 programs for an aggregate response rate of 92.9%. A candidate's letters of reference were identified as the most important criterion from the paper application (38.5%). Having a high level of familiarity with the applicant was the most important characteristic of a reference letter author (46.2%). In determining rank order, 53.8% of programs weighed the interview more heavily than the paper application. Once final candidate scores are established following the interview stage, all program respondents indicated that further adjustment is made to the final rank order list. Only 1 of 13 program respondents reported ever having completed a formal evaluation of their selection process.ConclusionWe have identified elements of the selection process that will inform recommendations for programs, students, and referees. We encourage programs to conduct regular reviews of their selection process going forward to be in alignment with best practices.

LO79: The variable landscape of resident selection: A study of Canadian Royal College emergency medicine training programs

Introduction: Little is known about how Royal College emergency medicine (RCEM) residency programs are selecting their residents. This creates uncertainty regarding alignment between our current selection processes and known best practices and results in a process that is difficult to navigate for prospective candidates. We seek to describe the current selection processes of Canadian RCEM programs. Methods: An online survey was distributed to all RCEM program directors and assistant directors. The survey instrument included 22 questions consisting of both open-ended (free text) and closed-ended (Likert scale) elements. Questions sought qualitative and quantitative data from the following 6 domains; paper application, letters of reference, elective selection, interview, rank order, and selection process evaluation. Descriptive statistics were used. Results: We received responses from 13/14 programs for an aggregate response rate of 92.9%. A candidate's letter of reference was identified as the single most important item from the paper application (38.5%). Having a high level of familiarity with the applicant was considered to be the most important characteristic of a reference letter author (46.2%). Respondents found that providing a percentile rank of the applicant was useful when reviewing candidate reference letters. Once the interview stage is reached, 76.9% of programs stated that the interview was weighted at least as heavily as the paper application; 53.8% weighted the interview more heavily. Once final candidate scores are established for both the paper application and the interview, 100% of programs indicated that further adjustment is made to the rank order list. Only 1/13 programs reported ever having completed a formal evaluation of their selection process. Conclusion: The information gained from this study helps to characterize the landscape of the RCEM residency selection process. We identified significant heterogeneity between programs with respect to which application elements were most valued. Canadian emergency medicine residency programs should re-evaluate their selection processes to achieve improved consistency and better alignment with selection best practices.

Evaluation of Cane Genotypes Under Sprinkler Irrigation at Early Selection Stage for Tolerance to Sugarcane Streak Mosaic Virus (SCSMV) at Ferké Sugar Estates in Ivory Coast

Sugarcane streak mosaic virus (SCSMV) became the major endemic disease of economic importance in Ivorian sugar estates almost two years ago, which spreads very fast across plantations and varieties. The study aimed to determine resistant sugarcane genotypes against SCSMV in Ferké sugar estates. It involved five experiments conducted at first selection stage under sprinkler irrigation, following a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 20 to 30 different genotypes, two check varieties included, all in 4 replicates. Experiments were planted in October or December 2018, and expected to be harvested in November/December 2019 and 2020 as plant cane and first ratoon, respectively. Disease incidence and severity across all experiments were determined at 3 to 4 months, i.e. at early formative growth stage where symptoms due to SCSMV could be easily observed and recognized in the field. In each of the five selection trials conducted on both Ferké 1 & 2 sugar estates, highly significant differences in disease incidence and severity were observed between genotypes as well as crop cycles (plant cane and first ratoon). Except for one trial (B3-24 in Ferké 1), Genotype x crop cycle interactions were significant or highly significant, which showed that the majority of genotypes tested behaved differently from plant cane to first ratoon towards the disease. Particularly, the percentage of resistant genotypes decreased from 50 to 3.4% whereas that of highly susceptible ones increased from 4.2 to 92.4%. This shows the level of challenge to be tackled in the control of SCSM disease through sugarcane breeding and selection. At the end of the current selection stage under way, i.e. after harvest of first ratoon, only the best yielding genotypes among the resistant ones will undergo the advanced selection stage.

Agvaannyam

This chapter translates a selection from a 1965 Tibetan-language work by the Buryat luminary Agvaannyam (Tib. Ngag dbang nyi ma, 1907–1990). As a youth, Agvaannyam was selected to study in the great Géluk monastic colleges of Central Tibet, leaving Buryatia for first Khalkha Mongolia and the Lhasa region just before successive waves of revolutionary upheaval. In time, Agvaannyam became a prominent figure in the Tibetan and Mongolian diaspora and refugee community based in India and Europe. His six-volume work contains an untranslated autobiography and the 285-folio Lamp of Scripture and Reasoning, written in c. 1965, from which the current selection is drawn. In this translated section we see the author’s vision of a continuity of Buddhist transmission that could offset the bloody ruptures to tradition in Buryatia, Mongolia, and Tibet during its author’s lifetime.

OSCE Yearbook 2019

As the world’s largest regional arrangement under Chapter VIII of the UN Charter, the OSCE also contributes to global security through regional conflict prevention and crisis management. In his introductory chapter, OSCE Secretary General Thomas Greminger addresses the question of how the OSCE can also contribute to the achievement of the 17 goals of the United Nations for sustainable development. The OSCE Yearbook 2019 also includes articles on domestic political developments in countries such as Armenia and Kazakhstan, OSCE conflict management in the South Caucasus and the work of the OSCE Special MonitoringMission to Ukraine. There are also contributions on the monitoring of freedom of assembly by the OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights and the link between climate change and security, as well as the integration of heterogeneous societies as a means of conflict prevention. Facts and figures on the 57 participating states as well as a current selection of research literature complete the volume.