DETECTION ZONES OF DISJUNCTIVE DISLOCATIONS FOR THE TERRITORY OF NORTHERN SAKHALIN BY DATA OF SPACE SURVEYS

The article presents results of the research of disjunctive dislocations of the earth's crust in northern part of the Sakhalin Island by analyzing the fields of lineaments, which identified on basis of satellite surveys using the LEFA software package. The object of research was chosen not by chance: eastern part of territory of the north of Sakhalin Island is quite well studied by geological and geophysical methods in order to identify oil and gas-bearing structures, as well as in connection with the close attention to it after catastrophic Neftegorsk earthquake on May 28, 1995. The result of work of the predecessors made it possible for verify the reliability of results obtained and assess of prospects to using automated decryption technologies to identify seismically active zones. The purpose of work was to create maps of active fault zones on studied territory. In process of the work, the SRTM data and Landsat-8 satellite images for 2015-2020, obtained in eight spectral channels, were analyzed using algorithms for detecting the location of lineaments based on methods of mathematical processing of images using different algorithms. It was revealed that images obtained in the red, infrared zones of the electromagnetic spectrum (4, 5, 6, 7), and the panchromatic channel (8) are most informative for identifying disjunctive disorders. Based on the data obtained, maps of disjunctive disorders of Sakhalin Island on scale of 1: 500,000 compiled. The article has certain novelty due to fact that the LEFA technological techniques were first used for research the geologically complex structures of Northern Sakhalin. The main results of the work will be useful in choosing places for construction of economic and industrial facilities, as well as in the exploration, search and operation of mineral deposits.

Results of the study of the geodynamics of the Ossetian part of the Central Caucasus based on satellite geodesy and regional seismicity data

В результате проведённой работы была получена информация о геодинамическом поведении ос- новных тектонических блоков Земной коры (ЗК) в границах Горной Осетии. Принимая полученную информацию как первичную, в рамках данной работы продемонстрировано несколько методических приёмов по её матема- тической обработке. В частности, приёмы интерполяции дискретно представленных данных позволили вы- полнить построение поля скоростей GPS-пунктов в условной системе координат, проведено сопоставление его с полем распределения сейсмической энергии по территории. Выявленные локальные деформационные аномалии ЗК логично вписываются в тектоническую схему региона, установленную независимыми геологиче- скими и геофизическими методами. As a result of the work carried out, information was obtained on the geodynamic behavior of the main tectonic blocks of the Earth’s crust (GC) within the boundaries of Mountainous Ossetia. Taking the information received as primary, within the framework of this work, several methodological techniques for its mathematical processing are demonstrated. In particular, the methods of interpolation of discretely presented data made it possible to construct the velocity fi eld of GPS points in a conventional coordinate system, and compare it with the fi eld of seismic energy distribution over the territory. The identifi ed local deformation anomalies of the ZK logically fi t into the tectonic scheme of the region, established by independent geological and geophysical methods.

Oil and gas potential of the south Turgay basin

Background. The South Turgay basin has been extensively studied using geological and geophysical methods. To date, the discovery of large oil and gas deposits in its structural traps seems impossible. The deposits, which have been under development for a long time, demonstrate the trend towards depletion. Therefore, a search and exploration of non-anticlinal traps is becoming an important source of hydrocarbon reserves.Aim. To identify zones of non-anticlinal reservoirs and traps.Materials and methods. On the basis of three main criteria for predicting the development of nonanticlinal traps (stratigraphic, lithofacies and structural-tectonic), this paper presents the forecast zones for the development of non-anticlinal traps with oil and gas potential, taking into account the facies diagnostics of the deposits.Results. The traps of regional pinching-out, as well as possible traps of erosion-accumulative and accumulative subgroups, are predominantly developed in the trough. The traps of the regional pinch-out subgroup are most widespread in the Aryskum and Bosingen graben synclines. The traps of the accumulative subgroup are predicted mainly in the Bosingen and Akshabulak graben synclines.Conclusions. According to the obtained results, the South Turgay Basin possesses a significant oil and gas potential in non-anticlinal traps. Lithological reservoirs with thick and widespread mudstones confined to the Jurassic deposits are of particular interest.

Upper Kama potassium salt deposit tectonic scheme based on physical modeling results and geological and geophysical data

Introduction. The territory of the Upper Kama potassium salt deposit (UKPSD) which has been actively developed since 1932, is characterized by abnormal technogenic overload on the geological environment. This load destroys the natural balance of the geological environment, the restoration of which is accompanied by hazardous dynamic events, from rockbursts to induced earthquakes of various magnitudes. Dynamic conditions of UKPSD is determined by many factors, among which a significant role is played by tectonic factors. Tectonic structure in the form of tectonic features or criteria (or other equal conditions) are taken into account first of all when fulfilling dynamic zoning of UKPSD territory and predicting the areas of possible manifestation of dynamic events. As soon as structural and tectonic elements of geological environment are characterized by similarity and hierarchy, it is advisable to study the tectonics of the deposit at various scales by corresponding geological and geophysical methods applying physical simulation data. Research methodology. Tectonic structures similarity and hierarchy (with a crack analysed as a copy of a fault), determined the two-stage technique of studying the tectonic structure of UKPSD territory. At the first stage, according to physical simulation data, areas influenced by the deep faults enclosing the Solikamsk depression and UKPSD were reconstructed. At the second stage, analyses was carried out of UKPSD fault strike azimuths determined by geological and geophysical methods. Research results. According to the results of the physical simulation, the dimensions of the area of dynamic impact of all faults enclosing the Solikamsk depression taking into account their kinematic type, and strikes and kinematics of faults within the zone of each fault were determined. Statistical analysis was carried out together with rose diagrams of strike azimuths of faults in the foundation and faults in UKPSD depth determined according to the results of magnetic field local anomalies interpretation, geomorphological data, satellite and aerial images. Summary. Tectonic scheme of UKPSD is not random. It is determined basically by the kinematics of deep faults enclosing UKPSD, and the tectonics of the foundation.

THE EARLY STAGES OF FERROMANGANESE ORE GENESIS ON THE GUYOTS OF THE MAGELLAN SEAMOUNTS (THE PACIFIC OCEAN)

The success of recently developed geological and geophysical methods and technologies for monitoring of mud volcanoes in the Kerch-Taman region is eventually based on the fundamental scientific results accumulated at the turn of the century under the overall leadership of the Academician E.F. Shnyukov. The results of geological and geophysical studies of the Mount Karabetov mud volcano (Taman Peninsula) featuring the passive seismoacoustic sounding method are presented. New data on the spatial configuration of subvertical fluid-saturated structures associated with the volcano's feeding system were obtained. Subsequent common interpretation of the geophysical data and the results of the structural-geomorphologic observations allowed one to formulate a consistent hypothesis on the possible deep mechanism of mud volcanic activity responsible for the mostly paroxysmal nature of eruptions of the Mount Karabetov.