Clinical evaluation of complex treatment and prevention of generalized periodontitis in patients with type I diabetes mellitus with cardiomyopathy

Annotation. Diabetes mellitus is an acute problem, as evidenced by the large number of people suffering from this disease, and the tendency to significantly increase the incidence rate. The most serious complications of diabetes include cardiomyopathy, the pathogenetic aspects of which are being actively studied. Widespread inflammatory-dystrophic periodontal disease and an increase in the proportion of generalized periodontitis in patients with diabetes mellitus complicated by cardiomyopathy, makes the problem of effective treatment and prevention of this pathology among the most relevant. The purpose of the study: clinical evaluation of complex treatment and prevention of generalized periodontitis in patients with type I diabetes mellitus with cardiomyopathy according to the developed algorithm. Comprehensive treatment and prevention measures were performed in 127 patients with generalized periodontitis on the background of type I diabetes mellitus with cardiomyopathy, of which 82 patients were the main group, where treatment was carried out using our proposed treatment and prevention algorithm. The control group, in which treatment was carried out according to protocol methods, consisted of 45 patients. Clinical visual examination and determination of paraclinical indices were performed on day 30 after treatment. Statistical calculation of digital values was performed on a Pentium II computer using the statistical software package “Statgraphic 2.3” and “Microsoft Excel 2000”, the significance of changes was evaluated by t-test. As a result of the research it was found that on average, 30 days after treatment, in the main group where we used the proposed pharmacotherapy, “normalization” of periodontal tissues was studied in 26.83 % of patients, “improvement” – in 30.49 % of patients’ treatment was ineffective in 42.68 % of patients, with a reliability of p>0.05. In patients of the control group, where traditional treatment and prevention measures were used to treat generalized periodontitis, on average, “normalization” of periodontal tissue was recorded in 17.78 % of patients, “improvement” of periodontal tissue was found in 28.89 % of patients. Treatment was ineffective in 53.33 % of patients. Thus, as a result of research, it can be argued that in patients with generalized periodontitis on the background of type I diabetes mellitus complicated by cardiomyopathy, whose treatment was carried out using our treatment and prevention algorithm, which included local measures and general appointments, significantly improved periodontal tissues, as confirmed by clinical observation. In the control group, where traditional treatment regimens were used, the treatment of generalized periodontitis was ineffective. In further studies, it is planned to study the microbiome of the oral cavity in patients with generalized periodontitis on the background of type I diabetes mellitus complicated by cardiomyopathy.

Mobile application resources to selfcare and selfmanagement of type i diabetes mellitus: integrative review / Recursos de aplicativos móveis para autocuidado e autogerenciamento do diabetes mellitus tipo i: revisão integrativa

Objetivo: identificar os recursos disponíveis em aplicativos móveis que favoreçam o autocuidado e o autogerenciamento do Diabetes Mellitus tipo I. Método: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada nas bases de dados: BVS, PubMed e Scopus, com os descritores Diabetes Mellitus AND Aplicativos móveis, nos idiomas português, espanhol e inglês. Resultados: foram analisados 16 artigos e neles identificados os principais recursos para o autocuidado e o autogerenciamento do Diabetes Mellitus tipo I: glicosímetro, diário digital de diabetes, ações corretivas de glicose, controle alimentar e comunicação entre usuário e profissional de saúde e usuário com seus pares. Conclusões: evidenciou-se a escassez de estudos cujo público alvo são pessoas que convivem com Diabetes Mellitus tipo I. Os resultados indicam que os recursos identificados nos aplicativos para dispositivos móveis auxiliam os indivíduos com Diabetes Mellitus tipo I no autocuidado e autogerenciamento da doença.

Comparative assessment of changes in the incidence of type I diabetes mellitus in the regions with its high and low incidence

The purpose of this study was to determine dynamics of the levels of type I diabetes mellitus (DM) incidence in the regions with its different incidence. Material from the Azerbaijan Republican and Regional Registers of Diabetes Mellitus were used in this study. All cases of newly diagnosed type 1 DM and documented according to the clinical protocol in 2012-2016 were selected. At the first stage of the study, the rates of diabetes were identified in all administrative-territorial entities. Two groups from administrative-territorial entities were formed for further observation: the first group included regions with high (>80) incidence of type 1 DM, the second group included regions with low (<40) incidence of type 1 DM. At the next stages, changes in type 1 DM incidence were studied and a mean chronological incidence over five years (2012-2016) was determined. Morbidity rate in cities and regions of Azerbaijan in 2012 changed within a range from 5.4 to 294.8. The lowest incidence was observed in three districts: 5.4 in Agjabedi, 5.8 in Jalilabad, 6.1 in Masalli. Very high incidence was observed in Shamkir (294.8) and Khachmaz (278.7) districts. Data from Agdash (30.6) and NAR (32.2) were closer to data from the districts with low incidence. Incidence in Shirvan (81.9) and Yexlakh (171.7) districts was high, but lower than in Shamkir and Khachmaz districts. Type 1 DM incidence has significant interregional differences. Interregional differences in type 1 DM incidence do not depend on the age of the population; age-adjusted incidence of type 1 DM is within a range of 5.0-77.4.

COGNITIVE DISORDERS ANALYSIS IN CHILDREN WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE I DEPENDING ON THE STAGE OF THE DISEASE

The aim of the study was to estimation of possible cognitive deficits in adolescents with type I diabetes mellitus at different stages of the disease