Development and Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Web-Based Education Program Among Cancer Patients Undergoing Treatment of Systemic Chemotherapy: A Randomised Controlled Trial

Purpose This study aims to develop a web-based education program among cancer patients undergoing treatment of systemic chemotherapy and to evaluate the effect of the program on symptom control, quality of life, self-efficacy, and depression. Methods A web-based education program was prepared in line with patient needs, evidence-based guidelines, and expert opinions and tested with 10 cancer patients. A single-blind, randomised controlled study design was applied at a medical oncology unit of a university hospital. Pretests were applied to 60 cancer patients undergoing systemic chemotherapy, and the patients (intervention:30, control: 30) were randomized. The intervention group used the web-based education program for three months, and they were allowed to communicate with researchers 24/7 via the website. The effectiveness of the web-based education program at baseline and after 12 weeks was evaluated. The CONSORT 2010 guideline was performed. Results Expert opinions were found to be compatible with each other (Kendall's Wa = 0.233, p=0.008). The difference between symptom control (p=0.026) and quality of life (p=0.001) during the three-month follow-up of the groups were statistically significant, and there was no difference between the groups in terms of self-efficacy and depression levels (p˃0.05). Conclusion The web-based education program was found to be effective in remote symptom management and improving the quality of life of cancer patients. Trial registration www.clinicaltrials.gov , NCT05076916 (12 October 2021, retrospectively registered)

Moderators of the Effect of a Self-directed Digitally Delivered Exercise Program for People With Knee Osteoarthritis: Exploratory Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Background A 24-week self-directed digitally delivered intervention was found to improve pain and function in people with knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, it is possible that this intervention may be better suited to certain subgroups of people with knee OA compared to others. Objective The aim of this study was to explore whether certain individual baseline characteristics moderate the effects of a self-directed digitally delivered intervention on changes in pain and function over 24 weeks in people with knee OA. Methods An exploratory analysis was conducted on data from a randomized controlled trial involving 206 people with a clinical diagnosis of knee OA. This trial compared a self-directed digitally delivered intervention comprising of web-based education, exercise, and physical activity program supported by automated exercise behavior change mobile phone text messages to web-based education alone (control). The primary outcomes were changes in overall knee pain (assessed on an 11-point numerical rating scale) and physical function (assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index function subscale [WOMAC]) at 24 weeks. Five baseline patient characteristics were selected as the potential moderators: (1) number of comorbidities, (2) number of other painful joints, (3) pain self-efficacy, (4) exercise self-efficacy, and (5) self-perceived importance of exercise. Separate linear regression models for each primary outcome and each potential moderator were fit, including treatment group, moderator, and interaction between treatment group and moderator, adjusting for the outcome at baseline. Results There was evidence that pain self-efficacy moderated the effect of the intervention on physical function compared to the control at 24 weeks (interaction P=.02). Posthoc assessment of the mean change in WOMAC function by treatment arm showed that each 1-unit increase in baseline pain self-efficacy was associated with a 1.52 (95% CI 0.27 to 2.78) unit improvement in the control group. In contrast, a reduction of 0.62 (95% CI –1.93 to 0.68) units was observed in the intervention group with each unit increase in pain self-efficacy. There was only weak evidence that pain self-efficacy moderated the effect of the intervention on pain and that number of comorbidities, number of other painful joints, exercise self-efficacy, or exercise importance moderated the effect of the intervention on pain or function. Conclusions With the exception of pain self-efficacy, which moderated changes in function but not pain, we found limited evidence that our selected baseline patient characteristics moderated intervention outcomes. This indicates that people with a range of baseline characteristics respond similarly to the unsupervised digitally delivered exercise intervention. As these findings are exploratory in nature, they require confirmation in future studies.

ANALISIS PEMANFAATAN GOOGLE CLASSROMM DI MASA PENDEMI C0VID-19

Penelitian ini menekankan pada tinjauan ulang Pemanfaatan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh berbasis web. yang populer dengan sebutan Web-Based Education (WBE). Di mana dengan sentuhan Tehnologi Internet. Fitur yang di teliti fokusnya adalah pemanfaatan Aplikasi google classromm sebagai media pembelajaran di masa pandemic. Berbagai macam cara untuk mendapatkan hasil optimal dari pembelajaran ini di lakukan, semisal pelatihan guru dan sejenisnya. Seperti pada jenis pembelajaran jarak jauh lainnya ternyata google classromm memiliki banyak kelebihan, namun juga terdapat kekurangan. Soal biaya , umpan balik, jaringan internet, dan beberapa hal lain masih menjadi kendala pada metode pembelajaran ini.Metode yang peneliti gunakan adalah Metode Study Literatur yaitu serangkaian kegiatan yang berkenaan dengan metode pengumpulan data pustaka, membaca dan mencatat, serta mengelola bahan penelitian.

ANALISIS PEMANFAATAN GOOGLE CLASSROMM DI MASA PENDEMI C0VID-19

Penelitian ini menekankan pada tinjauan ulang Pemanfaatan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh berbasis web. yang populer dengan sebutan Web-Based Education (WBE). Di mana dengan sentuhan Tehnologi Internet. Fitur yang di teliti fokusnya adalah pemanfaatan Aplikasi google classromm sebagai media pembelajaran di masa pandemic. Berbagai macam cara untuk mendapatkan hasil optimal dari pembelajaran ini di lakukan, semisal pelatihan guru dan sejenisnya. Seperti pada jenis pembelajaran jarak jauh lainnya ternyata google classromm memiliki banyak kelebihan, namun juga terdapat kekurangan. Soal biaya , umpan balik, jaringan internet, dan beberapa hal lain masih menjadi kendala pada metode pembelajaran ini.Metode yang peneliti gunakan adalah Metode Study Literatur yaitu serangkaian kegiatan yang berkenaan dengan metode pengumpulan data pustaka, membaca dan mencatat, serta mengelola bahan penelitian.

Moderators of the Effect of a Self-directed Digitally Delivered Exercise Program for People With Knee Osteoarthritis: Exploratory Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

BACKGROUND A 24-week self-directed digitally delivered intervention was found to improve pain and function in people with knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, it is possible that this intervention may be better suited to certain subgroups of people with knee OA compared to others. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore whether certain individual baseline characteristics moderate the effects of a self-directed digitally delivered intervention on changes in pain and function over 24 weeks in people with knee OA. METHODS An exploratory analysis was conducted on data from a randomized controlled trial involving 206 people with a clinical diagnosis of knee OA. This trial compared a self-directed digitally delivered intervention comprising of web-based education, exercise, and physical activity program supported by automated exercise behavior change mobile phone text messages to web-based education alone (control). The primary outcomes were changes in overall knee pain (assessed on an 11-point numerical rating scale) and physical function (assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index function subscale [WOMAC]) at 24 weeks. Five baseline patient characteristics were selected as the potential moderators: (1) number of comorbidities, (2) number of other painful joints, (3) pain self-efficacy, (4) exercise self-efficacy, and (5) self-perceived importance of exercise. Separate linear regression models for each primary outcome and each potential moderator were fit, including treatment group, moderator, and interaction between treatment group and moderator, adjusting for the outcome at baseline. RESULTS There was evidence that pain self-efficacy moderated the effect of the intervention on physical function compared to the control at 24 weeks (interaction <i>P</i>=.02). Posthoc assessment of the mean change in WOMAC function by treatment arm showed that each 1-unit increase in baseline pain self-efficacy was associated with a 1.52 (95% CI 0.27 to 2.78) unit improvement in the control group. In contrast, a reduction of 0.62 (95% CI –1.93 to 0.68) units was observed in the intervention group with each unit increase in pain self-efficacy. There was only weak evidence that pain self-efficacy moderated the effect of the intervention on pain and that number of comorbidities, number of other painful joints, exercise self-efficacy, or exercise importance moderated the effect of the intervention on pain or function. CONCLUSIONS With the exception of pain self-efficacy, which moderated changes in function but not pain, we found limited evidence that our selected baseline patient characteristics moderated intervention outcomes. This indicates that people with a range of baseline characteristics respond similarly to the unsupervised digitally delivered exercise intervention. As these findings are exploratory in nature, they require confirmation in future studies.