The Influence of Parental Anxious Rearing on Child Depression: The Moderating Effect of Self-Competence

This study explored the relationship between parental anxiety and depression in children, and studied the moderating role of children’s self-competence. Through a series of research tools, the anxious rearing, children’s depression and children’s self-competence are studied respectively. The results show that anxious rearing can significantly predict children’s depression, and self-competence can alleviate this effect.

How Individual Coping, Mental Health, and Parental Behavior Are Related to Identity Development in Emerging Adults in Seven Countries

So far, there is a dearth of research comparing identity processes across cultures and its contributing factors. In this study, the association of individual and family factors with identity processes was analyzed in 2,113 emerging adults ( M = 22.0 years; 66% female) from France, Germany, Greece, Peru, Pakistan, Poland, and Turkey. Exploration and commitment levels were highest in non-Western countries like Peru, Turkey, and Pakistan, whereas emerging adults in France scored lowest in exploration and commitment and reported highest levels in identity distress, internalizing/externalizing symptoms, and identity diffusion. Identity distress, coping with identity distress, parental behavior, and mental health were regressed on identity processes (exploration breadth/depth, commitment, and ruminative exploration). Distinctive patterns emerged; high identity distress, high identity diffusion, and high maternal anxious rearing in all countries were related to ruminative exploration. Findings were interpreted with a focus on universal and distinctive pathways in different countries in changing times.

Parental Rearing Behaviors and Worry of Normal Adolescents

Associations between scores on scales of perceived parental rearing behaviors and worry were examined for 220 adolescents. Analysis showed that anxious rearing and overprotection of both mother and father were significantly related to worry.