Perpetration of and Victimization in Cyberbullying and Traditional Bullying in Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Roles of Impulsivity, Frustration Intolerance, and Hostility

Victimization and perpetration of cyberbullying and traditional bullying are prevalent among adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study examined the associations of impulsivity, frustration discomfort, and hostility with victimization and with the perpetration of cyberbullying and traditional bullying in adolescents with ADHD. Self-reported involvement in cyberbullying and traditional bullying was assessed in 195 adolescents with a clinical diagnosis of ADHD. Adolescents also completed questionnaires for impulsivity, frustration discomfort, and hostility. Caregivers completed the Child Behavior Checklist for adolescents’ ADHD, internalization, oppositional defiance, and problems with conduct. The associations of impulsivity, frustration discomfort, and hostility with victimization and perpetration of cyberbullying and traditional bullying were examined using logistic regression analysis. The results demonstrated that after the effects of demographic characteristics and behavioral problems were controlled for, frustration intolerance increased the risks of being cyberbullying victims and perpetrators whereas hostility increased the risks of being the victims and perpetrators of traditional bullying. Impulsivity was not significantly associated with any type of bullying involvement. Prevention and intervention programs should alleviate frustration intolerance and hostility among adolescents with ADHD.

PREVALENCE OF COGNITIVE DISTORTIONS AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN

This study investigated the prevalence of cognitive distortions among adolescents in Pakistan. 1258 participants recruited through purposive sampling, falling in the age range of 16-22 years and studying in different Public sector collegesof Rawalpindi Division were administered the How I Think Questionnaire. The participants were placed into the following three categories; non-clinical, borderline and clinical range based on their responses on the „HIT-Q. This Questionnaire measures four types of cognitive distortions namely minimizing / mislabeling, self-centered, assuming the worst and blaming others. Results of the study revealed that of 17.17% (216/1258) of the participants were identified in in the clinical category on self-centered subscale whereas 13.83 % (174/1258) were in the clinical category of Blaming others subscale..48 % (148/1258) responses were in the clinical category on the “assuming the worst” subscale and 14.1% in the minimizing/ mislabeling subscale. 3.00-4.89 was the clinical range for the subscale of minimizing/mislabeling and Clinical range for “assuming the worst” subscale according to manual of the HIT-Q was 3.00-4.92. Meanwhile responses also indicated that 31.8% of adolescents scored high on oppositional defiance. 37.1% in physical aggression and 60% in stealing. Results suggest that adolescents in Pakistan has severe problem of thinking in distorted way and there is dire need for counselling centers to be established in every college in Punjab Pakistan.

Forensic Psychiatric Analysis of Juvenile Delinquency and Sexual Abuse Perspective

This chapter describes how, although, sexual offenders commit sexual offences as a source of pleasure to themselves, sometimes with harm intended, the vast majority of victims endure long-lasting adverse impacts that affect them in all aspects of life. Juvenile delinquency has become much more prevalent, or more so known in the age of digital media and enhanced communication. Thus, the rapid evolvement and revolutionized media has made the issue more known to the communities and society, as the families and stakeholders seek for reasons behind the rise of sexual assaults, and possible strategies to tackle the pandemic. Although, it has often been perceived as a maladaptive and learning related behavior, literature suggests that majority of the juvenile delinquents suffer from psychological and psychiatric disorders, from mild, moderate to severe psychiatric disorders. The most prevalent disorders found were: ADHD, substance abuse disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, conduct disorder, FASD and oppositional defiance disorder to be the most prevalent among juvenile delinquents.

Forensic Psychiatric Analysis of Juvenile Delinquency and Sexual Abuse Perspective

This chapter describes how, although, sexual offenders commit sexual offences as a source of pleasure to themselves, sometimes with harm intended, the vast majority of victims endure long-lasting adverse impacts that affect them in all aspects of life. Juvenile delinquency has become much more prevalent, or more so known in the age of digital media and enhanced communication. Thus, the rapid evolvement and revolutionized media has made the issue more known to the communities and society, as the families and stakeholders seek for reasons behind the rise of sexual assaults, and possible strategies to tackle the pandemic. Although, it has often been perceived as a maladaptive and learning related behavior, literature suggests that majority of the juvenile delinquents suffer from psychological and psychiatric disorders, from mild, moderate to severe psychiatric disorders. The most prevalent disorders found were: ADHD, substance abuse disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, conduct disorder, FASD and oppositional defiance disorder to be the most prevalent among juvenile delinquents.