APPRAISING OBSTACLES TO FEMALE CAREER DEVELOPMENT IN BANKS: A STUDY OF SITUATION IN NIGERIAN MONEY DEPOSIT BANKS

The study sought to determine effect of female career development on performance Money Deposit Banks, identify the obstacles of female career development in money deposit banks. The study had a population size of 3152, out of which a sample size of 354 was realised using taro Yamane’s formula at 5% error tolerance and 95% level of confidence. Instrument used for data collection was primarily questionnaire and interview. Out of 354 copies of the questionnaire that were distributed, 334 copies were returned while 47 were not returned. The survey research design was adopted for the study. The hypotheses were tested using Pearson chi-square and simple linear regression statistical tools. The findings indicated that Female career development significantly affects performance of money deposit banks (r = 0.766; t = 13.191; F= 52.361; p < 0.05) . Glass ceiling, Gender inequality and cultural factor are the obstacles of female career development in money deposit banks (X2c =136.379, > X2t =31.419; p,< .05).The study concluded that women world-wide can be seen joining the workforce in large numbers. Women managers globally are described as having to deal with blocked mobility, discrimination and stereotypes..The study recommended that The equality theory should be adopted in any money deposit banks, and gender issues should be a thing of the past, but employee input should   determine their reward system and promotion. In order increase productivity government should empower women and protect their labour rights and the environment through the policies put in place

Limited options or blocked mobility? The socio-professional mobility of Brazilian immigrants in Portugal

Though there is a long tradition of migration studies in Portugal, specific analysis of the socio-professional mobility of immigrants has received limited attention. Based on a survey that was carried out in 2009 and involved 1398 Brazilian immigrants, this text seeks to examine this topic in greater depth by observing their integration patterns at three points in time: before migration, on arrival and at the moment of the survey. The main issues in question are to assess whether trajectories of upward mobility exist, albeit to a limited degree, as the research available has suggested; whether it is correct to speak of barriers to these courses of development; and whether factors that may influence them exist. The results point towards limited upward trajectories, though consideration of the year of arrival and certain characteristics of the immigrants allows us to predict more positive progression.

Vietnamese Refugees and Blocked Mobility

Recent media reports have described Vietnamese refugees as a “model minority” — a group whose cultural orientations have enabled them to overcome disadvantages and achieve economic success. This paper examines data from published sources and ethnographic studies conducted by the authors in Oakland, California and Philadelphia to assess the economic situation of Vietnamese refugees in the United States. Evidence suggests that in strong contrast to being a “success story,” the economic status of many recently arrived Vietnamese refugees is characterized by unstable, minimum-wage employment, welfare dependency and participation in the informal economy. The paper suggests that the group's economic opportunities have been limited by the configuration of circumstances that have surrounded their entry and settlement into the United States as refugees, as well as by the demographic structure of the group.