Culture of legal techniques: key dominants in the modern Russian legal system

The article is dedicated to the conceptual and specific analysis of the emergence of the culture of legal techniques under the conditions of a new technological form. The identification and analysis of key types of culture of legal techniques, allows to show their specificity following typological groups. Its systemic unity, which has its specificities, can be considered as the second dominant of the culture of legal techniques. The article further offers a primary doctrinal definition of the concept of culture of legal techniques based on the identified dominant characteristics and manifestations of the culture of legal techniques, studied in the context of the search for ways of effective functioning of the system of power and powerless principles in the Russian legal system. This phenomenon is in the formation stage. The authors have used dialectical, historical-political, formal-legal, and comparative-legal methods. It is concluded that a promising systematic understanding of the essence and meaning of the culture of legal techniques will help to improve the legal culture as a whole and thus increase the effectiveness of the law in modern society.

Towards Mapping of the Human Brain N-Glycome with Standardized Graphitic Carbon Chromatography

The brain N-glycome is known to be crucial for many biological functions, including its involvement in neuronal diseases. Although large structural studies of brain N-glycans were recently carried out, a comprehensive isomer-specific structural analysis has still not been achieved, as indicated by the recent discovery of novel structures with galactosylated bisecting GlcNAc. Here, we present a detailed, isomer-specific analysis of the human brain N-glycome based on standardized porous graphitic carbon (PGC)-LC-MS/MS. To achieve this goal, we biosynthesized glycans with substitutions typically occurring in the brain N-glycome and acquired their normalized retention times. Comparison of these values with the standardized retention times of neutral and desialylated N-glycan fractions of the human brain led to unambiguous isomer specific assignment of most major peaks. Profound differences in the glycan structures between naturally neutral and desialylated glycans were found. The neutral and sialylated N-glycans derive from diverging biosynthetic pathways and are biosynthetically finished end products, rather than just partially processed intermediates. The focus on structural glycomics defined the structure of human brain N-glycans, amongst these are HNK-1 containing glycans, a bisecting sialyl-lactose and structures with fucose and N-acetylgalactosamine on the same arm, the so-called LDNF epitope often associated with parasitic worms.

Influence of Implementation of Composite Materials in Maritime Industry on CO2 Emission’s Reduction

The future of the composites market looks attractive with opportunities in the transportation, construction, wind energy, pipe - tank, marine, consumer goods, electrical and electronics, aerospace, and others. The composite materials market is expected to reach an estimated $40.2 billion by 2024 and it is forecast to grow at a CAGR of 3.3% from 2019 to 2024. The composite materials that have started to be used in the production of tourist boats, especially those of the yacht type, have proved in practice the designers' expectations for the great advantages they have brought compared to steel. The performance of the new generation ships of this millennium, will require the ever-increasing use of new and innovative materials, to meet the also growing demands of potential buyers of these vehicles. On the other hand, based on the already sanctioned principles of the European Community for the observance of the norms set for CO2 emissions from maritime transport - (Green shipping) in respect of the Kyoto Protocol on Climate Change, it becomes more necessary to produce marine vehicles that significantly reduce the weight of marine vessels, consequently engine power and fuel consumption by significantly reducing CO2 emissions. This study aims to bring a specific analysis of the impact of composite materials to the CO2 emission’s reduction.

Configuration and Enablement of Vision Sensor Solutions Through a Combined Simulation Based Process Chain

Machine vision solutions can perform within a wide range of applications and are commonly used to verify the operation of production systems. They offer the potential to automatically record assembly states and derive information, but simultaneously require a high effort of planning, configuration and implementation. This generally leads to an iterative, expert based implementation with long process times and sets major barriers for many companies. Furthermore the implementation is task specific and needs to be repeated with every variation of product, environment or process. Therefore a novel concept of a simulation-based process chain for both—configuration and enablement—of machine vision systems is presented in this paper. It combines related work of sensor planning algorithms with new methods of training data generation and detailed task specific analysis for assembly applications.

Drosophila D-idua Reduction Mimics Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I Disease-Related Phenotypes

Deficit of the IDUA (α-L-iduronidase) enzyme causes the lysosomal storage disorder mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I), a rare pediatric neurometabolic disease, due to pathological variants in the IDUA gene and is characterized by the accumulation of the undegraded mucopolysaccharides heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate into lysosomes, with secondary cellular consequences that are still mostly unclarified. Here, we report a new fruit fly RNAi-mediated knockdown model of a IDUA homolog (D-idua) displaying a phenotype mimicking some typical molecular features of Lysosomal Storage Disorders (LSD). In this study, we showed that D-idua is a vital gene in Drosophila and that ubiquitous reduction of its expression leads to lethality during the pupal stage, when the precise degradation/synthesis of macromolecules, together with a functional autophagic pathway, are indispensable for the correct development to the adult stage. Tissue-specific analysis of the D-idua model showed an increase in the number and size of lysosomes in the brain and muscle. Moreover, the incorrect acidification of lysosomes led to dysfunctional lysosome-autophagosome fusion and the consequent block of autophagy flux. A concomitant metabolic drift of glycolysis and lipogenesis pathways was observed. After starvation, D-idua larvae showed a quite complete rescue of both autophagy/lysosome phenotypes and metabolic alterations. Metabolism and autophagy are strictly interconnected vital processes that contribute to maintain homeostatic control of energy balance, and little is known about this regulation in LSDs. Our results provide new starting points for future investigations on the disease’s pathogenic mechanisms and possible pharmacological manipulations.

Energy planning with renewable energy sources

The urban energy model is based on imports from external sources. The continuous increase in energy demand due to population growth and development implies increasing resource requirements. The alternative is to use renewable energies that take advantage of urban resources. The diversity of typologies of cities in terms of resources, demands, architectural conditions, infrastructure, or density, makes a specific analysis necessary. This work identifies fourteen factors concerning the planning process that would allow choosing the most appropriate technology for a given city. Through consultation of experts, the existence of the resource is defined as the most prevalent factor, followed by economic conditions; On the other hand, it is detected that environmental aspects such as global warming, eutrophication, or acidification, are the least incidents when selecting technologies.

CLASS-BASED DEATH: COVID-19 AMONG THE ELDERLY PEOPLE IN NIGERIA

The article examined the nature of deaths related to COVID-19 complications in Nigeria based on age. The researcher observes that National Centre for Disease Control, responsible for handling COVID-19 and reporting daily cases, only provides crude data about active, confirmed cases and deaths without grouping the data based on demographic characteristics. This motivated the researcher to sample some people who died as a result of the COVID-19 to carry out an age-specific analysis. Fifteen elderly people whose death was attributed to COVID-19 were sampled. To achieve the purpose of the study, secondary data were sourced, presented, interpreted, and analysed in a tabular form. The study found that there is a paucity of COVID-19 data that reveals the sociodemographic characteristics of either affected persons or those who died. Similarly, the paper established most of the elderly people who died as a result of the COVID-19 were at the top echelon of social class.