Tyumen ethical-philosophical tradition: research methodology (round table materials)

The subject of this research is the works of Tyumen ethicists: the founder of the concept of rationalistic ethics that was a milestone in the history of Soviet ethics Fedor Andreevich Selivanov; the pioneer of the applied ethics in Russia Vladimir Iosifovich Bakshtanovsky; the author of the original anthropocosmist concept of morality Yuri Mikhailovich Fyodorov; the developer of the concept of regional ethos Mikhail Grigorievich Ganopolskyl; the adherent of dialogical ethics Nikolay Dmitrievich Zotov, and others. The article discusses the scientific justification of studying the works of Tyumen ethicists as a uniform ethical-philosophical intellectual tradition. The article reviews the fundamentally different opinions on the topic. An attempt is made to create a specific field of research dedicated to the Russian regional intellectual traditions. The novelty of this article consists in examination of methodology of studying the regional intellectual traditions, as well as raising the question on the degree to which the idea of regional intellectual traditions corresponds to reality, is it false, or made up, or links the unlinkable. The author also articulates the problem of whether the research of the Russian regional intellectual traditions contributes to cultivation of such phenomena a “provincial science” and “native science”; what brings the study of the Russian regional intellectual traditions in the context of representations on the points of growth of the human capital in the country and development of the Russian science?

STYLISTIC MEANS OF EXPRESSING TRANSHUMANISM IN OLES BERDNYK'S EARLY NOVELS

The article examines stylistic devices in which distinguished Ukrainian writer Oles Berdnyk expresses transhumanist ideas. The author is famous for being one of the brightest representatives of native science fiction. His early novels “Paths of Titans”, “The Arrow of Time” and “Children of Infinity”, which depict a utopian future, have been chosen as an object to be studied. It is found out that the message translated by the author in a given period of his creative activity reproduces primarily the techno-optimistic discourse that prevailed in the middle of the twentieth century and has some obvious transhumanist and immortalist indications, which can be observed both at substantive (the evolution of a man into an omnipotent immortal being is being depicted) and stylistic level. In its simplest form, this is manifested in the active use of positively colored epithets, hyperbolized metaphors, metonymic embodiments and other stylistic means which shape central features of the author's idiostyle. The tropes and figures of speech used by the author are in most cases emotionally expressive, that is, they contain elements of value (mostly positive, in this case). One common characteristic of Berdnyk’s prose is its high expressiveness, that is, solemn and pompous style, contrast and bright images. Building on the ideas of cosmism philosophy, he follows the scientistic trends of the Golden Age of western science fiction on the one hand and introduces some distinctive elements of national Ukrainian conceptosphere into the established genre on the other. His late works, however, underwent drastic philosophical changes, resulting in a gradual departure from his previous views.

Uma introdução à ciência indígena e suas leis naturais de interdependência

Tradução do prefácio do livro Native Science: Natural Laws Of Interdependence (Ciência indígena: leis naturais de interdependência), de autoria do educador indígena Gregory Cajete, do pueblo de Santa Clara, no estado do Novo México, nos Estados Unidos. Em seu prefácio, Cajete introduz o leitor numa tradição milenar de entendimento, experimentação e sentimento do mundo natural. Ele explora e registra a visão indígena da realidade, atravessando a arte, o mito, os rituais e os símbolos, bem como as práticas da ciência indígena. Cajete examina os múltiplos níveis de significado que informam a astronomia, a cosmologia, a psicologia, a agricultura e a cura indígenas. Diferentemente do método científico ocidental, o pensamento indígena não isola o objeto ou fenômeno para entendê-lo e interagir com ele, mas o percebe em termos de relações que o ligam às forças naturais e a todas as formas de vida. Tal método tem sido fundamental para os povos indígenas viverem harmonia espiritual e física com a terra por milênios.