COVID-19 and the Fourth Estate: Asian American Journalists’ Gendered Racial Harms and Racial Activation During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Through in-depth interviews, this study explored the voices of Asian American journalists who faced unprecedented stresses due to the racist discourse of Asian Americans as carriers of disease during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Socialized to de-emphasize their vulnerabilities in their professional work, Asian American reporters generally claimed they did not experience racist harms, but further probing revealed indirect harms. Women reporters discussed internalized harms such as elevated anxiety and fear, whereas men reporters referenced only external harms such as racial microaggressions. Women reporters also manifested greater self-reflexivity. The importance of analyzing race and gender in White masculine newsrooms is discussed.

Oppressed Within the Oppressed: The Patriarchal Hegemonic Discourse of Colourism on Dalit Women in Shahjadpur, Sirajganj, Bangladesh

The biggest victims of colourism in Bangladesh are girls, who are victims of colour-based violence and suffer from a dark-black complexion. In general, Bangalee society is a dominating patriarchal society, which has been established through a hegemonic discourse. This study explores how and in what process this racist discourse has started in the society. Therefore, being born with only a black complexion, a family deals with long-term psychological problems. In addition to the so-called mainstream social system in Bangladesh, a detached and marginalized group living in Bangladesh is known as Dalits. They are primarily a neglected community, isolated from the mainstream. Among them, the condition of Dalit women is much more deplorable. Dark complexion women are experiencing the most exploitation, deprivation and neglect. The Dalit women are ‘Oppressed within the Oppressed’—they are forced to live a cursed life through a dark-black complexion from birth. This study focuses on how masculine authoritarian behaviours dominate the dark-black face of the Dalit girls in Bangladesh. A random sample-based interview has been conducted on Dalit people of Shahjadpur in the Sirajganj district to explore what kind of mechanism exploits the girls and how the literal meaning of ‘beauty’ is established in society.

Exploring the racial habitus through John’s story: On race, class and adaptation

This article puts Pierre Bourdieu’s conceptual tool habitus to work alongside Sara Ahmed’s theory of racialization to conceptualize a racial habitus that is durable but not totally determining. The racial habitus is applied to the narrative account of John, a Black-Caribbean man from North East London, who finds himself a ‘fish out of water’ within a racist society, which confronts him with the reality that he must actively acquire new dispositions, sensibilities and cultural capital, in order to survive. This article explores the cost of this adaptation for people such as John and the uneven processes that enabled his constrained adaptation. It is argued that people such as John are forced to ‘carve’ themselves out against the backdrop of dominant racist discourse in complex and creative ways that highlight the constrained but non-essential nature of racial subjectivities. In doing so, this article argues against perceptions that Pierre Bourdieu is a structural determinist through offering empirically-driven insights that highlight his oft-ignored complex positions on agency.

DISCURSO ANTIRRACISTA: AS REVERBERAÇÕES DA LEI Nº 10.639/2003 NO LIVRO DIDÁTICO / Anti-racist discourse: the reverberations of Law No. 10,639/2003 in the schoolbook

Este artigo contempla a análise documental do livro didático de História adotado no 2º ano, do ensino médio, em uma escola estadual do Rio de Janeiro, referente ao ciclo 2018/2019/2020, o qual integra o Programa Nacional do Livro e do Material Didático (PNLD). O objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar, no livro, os recursos verbais e não verbais utilizados para representar o negro no contexto da temática das relações étnico-raciais, tendo por base o previsto na Lei nº 10.639/2003. Na análise desenvolvida, o discurso é concebido, em termos sociológicos, como categoria analítica que engendra sentidos produzidos e reificados pelos sujeitos tendo em vista as posições que ocupam no espaço social. A questão proposta é avaliar como o livro didático, após a promulgação da Lei, reverbera novos sentidos e representações em torno da figura do negro no Brasil. Adotou-se como abordagem metodológica a leitura multimodal do texto, conforme estudo de Peled-Elhanan (2019), com destaque para as mensagens evocadas pelo texto, pelas imagens e termos que constam no livro. Conclui-se que o livro didático de história que resiste, reage e provoca o revisionismo histórico, pelo viés das subjetividades de seu próprio povo, o negro, como previsto nas diretrizes da Lei (BRASIL, 2004, p. 17), constitui-se como agente pedagógico importante na construção de um novo discurso sobre o negro no Brasil.

Psyche and politics. Response to Kenneth Bledin’s ‘Further thoughts on “If you prick me, do I not bleed?” Antisemitism, racism and group analysis, some thoughts. A response to Bacha, Einhorn and Lieberman’

Bledin makes the point that antisemitism had been around long before the discourse that allowed, or created, the Holocaust and even before the colonizations that created the Boers’ racist discourse. This point is his major difference with our thoughts.

Anti-racist Text and Talk: A Critical Discourse Studies Approach to Black Feminism

While racist discourse has received much attention in Critical Discourse Studies (CDS), there is a dearth of scholarship on the anti-racist text and talk. A critical observation is that the anti-racist movement, and hence, discourse, often exclude women. With the goal of contributing to this gap in the CDS literature, the current analysis examines Black women's discourses concerning anti-Black racism in general and Black Feminism in particular. Four YouTube videos that feature both conference talks and news programs surrounding the topic of Black Feminism are analysed for recurring themes using thematic analysis and discourse structures from the perspective of critical discourse analysis. Findings reveal that the primary themes that emerged are the inclusion of Black women, Police brutality and unaccountability, and Black Feminism Defined, with various subthemes. In addition, the discourse structures examined are lexical choice, presupposition, pronominal choice, and the use of tag questions, among others. This study serves to further our understanding of the linguistic manifestation of ideologies through discourse concerning anti-racism and Black Feminism.

Deconstructing the Deconstruction.doc

<div>Having read, with interest, an article by Allison Howell and Melanie Richter-Montpetit, “Is securitization theory racist? Civilizationism, methodological whiteness, and antiblack thought in the Copenhagen School”, I discovered that it contains a most fascinating example of academic racialization that a scholar of race and ethnicity would find hard, if not outright impossible, to ignore. </div><div>Setting the ambitious goal of deconstructing the securitization theory and unveiling its “racist foundations” to the world for the first time, the authors undertake painstaking work: they extract rather startling elements from the theory they are working with (one of the central elements among them is “silence”), in order to assemble them into racist discourse and then subject said discourse to crushing criticism. In this brief essay, I shall attempt to deconstruct the aforementioned deconstruction, and thereby demonstrate that:</div><div>1) the theory criticized by A. Howell and M. Richter-Montpetit, is in fact new racist discourse;</div><div>2) the aim of racializing the securitization theory was to accrue academic capital; </div><div>3) the racialization of theories that were not originally racist adds more racism to the academic discourse.</div>

Deconstructing the Deconstruction.doc

<div>Having read, with interest, an article by Allison Howell and Melanie Richter-Montpetit, “Is securitization theory racist? Civilizationism, methodological whiteness, and antiblack thought in the Copenhagen School”, I discovered that it contains a most fascinating example of academic racialization that a scholar of race and ethnicity would find hard, if not outright impossible, to ignore. </div><div>Setting the ambitious goal of deconstructing the securitization theory and unveiling its “racist foundations” to the world for the first time, the authors undertake painstaking work: they extract rather startling elements from the theory they are working with (one of the central elements among them is “silence”), in order to assemble them into racist discourse and then subject said discourse to crushing criticism. In this brief essay, I shall attempt to deconstruct the aforementioned deconstruction, and thereby demonstrate that:</div><div>1) the theory criticized by A. Howell and M. Richter-Montpetit, is in fact new racist discourse;</div><div>2) the aim of racializing the securitization theory was to accrue academic capital; </div><div>3) the racialization of theories that were not originally racist adds more racism to the academic discourse.</div>

Ghosts of white methods? The challenges of Big Data research in exploring racism in digital context

The paper explores the potential and limitations of big data for researching racism on social media. Informed by critical data studies and critical race studies, the paper discusses challenges of doing big data research and the problems of the so called ‘white method’. The paper introduces the following three types of approach, each with a different epistemological basis for researching racism in digital context: 1) using big data analytics to point out the dominant power relations and the dynamics of racist discourse, 2) complementing big data with qualitative research and 3) revealing new logics of racism in datafied context. The paper contributes to critical data and critical race studies by enhancing the understanding of the possibilities and limitations of big data research. This study also highlights the importance of contextualisation and mixed methods for achieving a more nuanced comprehension of racism and discrimination on social media and in large datasets.

From the illegal migrant-criminal to the illegal migrant-invader: Critical analysis of the semantic change of the Greek term λαθρομετανάστης 'illegal migrant'

Following a critical discourse analysis (CDA) approach, the present study reports on the analysis of 49 texts from the Hellenic Parliament Proceedings, where the term λαθρομετανάστης “illegal migrant” is used. The texts under scrutiny date back to 2015 (i. e., the year the migration crisis reached its peak) and reveal the recontextualized use of this term, which is identified with the hegemonic national-racist discourse of the 1990s perceiving migrants as criminals. Since the 1990s, the term has been stigmatized by political correctness as racist and inaccurate. We consider political correctness as a type of corrective practice, since it detects naturalized language uses reproducing stereotypes and power relationships. We will examine how the re-emergence of the older, racist use of the term in question as a reaction against the guidelines of political correctness is anew connected with national-xenophobic discourse and, in particular, with framing migrants as invaders and a national threat. Overall, tracing the semantic trajectory of the term λαθρομετανάστης “illegal migrant” allows us to explore how language use at the micro-level is dialectically connected with discourses at the macro-level.